sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of the particles that make up an object
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geothermal energy
energy produced from near surface molten rock
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sound energy
carried by sound waves
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electric energy
form of kinetic energy that an electric current carries
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seismic energy
transferred by waves moving through the ground
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potential energy
stored energy that depends on the interactions of objects, particles, or atoms
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types of potential energy
gravitational, elastic, chemical, nuclear
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gravitational potential energy
type of potential energy stored in an object that depends on its mass and its height above Earth's surface
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gravitational potential energy formula
GPE\=mgh
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chemical energy
stored in and released from the bonds between atoms
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nuclear energy
stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom through fission (splitting atoms) by humans or fusion (uniting atoms) in the high temperature and pressure found in the Sun
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mechanical energy
sum of potential energy and kinetic energy in a system of objects
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transform
to change form or structure
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energy transformation
conversion of energy from one form to another
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law of conservation of energy
states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed
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work
transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move in the direction of the force while the force acts on the object
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simple machine
does work through use of one movement that changes the direction or the amount of force required to perform a task
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lever
pivots around a fixed point
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inclined plane
flat, sloped surface
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screw
inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder
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wedge
inclined plane that moves
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wheel and axle
shaft attached to a wheel so that both rotate together
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gear
toothed wheel used to transfer rotary motion and torque through interlocking teeth
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pulley
grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it
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output force
the force exerted on an object by a machine
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input force (effort force)
the force you exert on a machine
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mechanical advantage
the ratio of the output force to the input force
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IMA
ideal mechanical advantage
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ideal mechanical advantage
the mechanical advantage of a machine in the absence of friction
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AMA
actual mechanical advantage
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actual mechanical advantage
the mechanical advantage that a machine provides in a real situation
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complex machine
two or more simple machines working together
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work equation
W \= Fd, work \= force x distance
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Joule
unit of energy AND work
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power
the rate at which work is done
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Watt
standard metric unit of power; horsepower is equivalent to approximately 750 of these
Studied by 20 people
