Studied by 15 people
kinetic energy
object that has energy because it is in motion
energy
ability to cause a change
types of kinetic energy
Radiant, thermal, motion, sound, electrical
kinetic energy formula
KE = 1/2 mv^2
radiant energy
carried by electromagnetic waves
electromagnetic waves
radio, microwave, infrared, visible (ROYGBIV), ultraviolet (UV), X-ray, gamma
thermal energy
sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of the particles that make up an object
geothermal energy
energy produced from near surface molten rock
sound energy
carried by sound waves
electric energy
form of kinetic energy that an electric current carries
seismic energy
transferred by waves moving through the ground
potential energy
stored energy that depends on the interactions of objects, particles, or atoms
types of potential energy
gravitational, elastic, chemical, nuclear
gravitational potential energy
type of potential energy stored in an object that depends on its mass and its height above Earth's surface
gravitational potential energy formula
GPE=mgh
chemical energy
stored in and released from the bonds between atoms
nuclear energy
stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom through fission (splitting atoms) by humans or fusion (uniting atoms) in the high temperature and pressure found in the Sun
mechanical energy
sum of potential energy and kinetic energy in a system of objects
transform
to change form or structure
energy transformation
conversion of energy from one form to another
law of conservation of energy
states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed
work
transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move in the direction of the force while the force acts on the object
simple machine
does work through use of one movement that changes the direction or the amount of force required to perform a task
lever
pivots around a fixed point
inclined plane
flat, sloped surface
screw
inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder
wedge
inclined plane that moves
wheel and axle
shaft attached to a wheel so that both rotate together
gear
toothed wheel used to transfer rotary motion and torque through interlocking teeth
pulley
grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it
output force
the force exerted on an object by a machine
input force (effort force)
the force you exert on a machine
mechanical advantage
the ratio of the output force to the input force
IMA
ideal mechanical advantage
ideal mechanical advantage
the mechanical advantage of a machine in the absence of friction
AMA
actual mechanical advantage
actual mechanical advantage
the mechanical advantage that a machine provides in a real situation
complex machine
two or more simple machines working together
work equation
W = Fd, work = force x distance
Joule
unit of energy AND work
power
the rate at which work is done
Watt
standard metric unit of power; horsepower is equivalent to approximately 750 of these
power formula
P = Work / time (or P=Force*velocity)
efficiency
ratio of output work to input work
efficiency equation
(output work / input work)x100%
Note 
Flashcard (23)