Cognitive Bias and Heuristics in Forensic Psychology

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to cognitive bias and heuristics as discussed in forensic psychology.

Cognitive Bias

Systematic errors or patterns of deviation from rational judgment.

Normative Models

Psychologists' perceived ways people should make decisions based only on available information.

System One Processing

Automatic, intuitive, and effortless decision-making.

System Two Processing

Slow, deliberate, and effortful decision-making.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for information that confirms preexisting beliefs and ignore contradicting evidence.

Contextual Bias

Influence of external contextual information on decision-making.

Availability Heuristic

Judging the likelihood of events based on how easily examples come to mind.

Illusory Correlations

Interpreting meaningful relationships in random or unrelated events.

Bias Blind Spot

The inability to recognize one's own biases while being aware of biases in others.

Heuristics

Mental shortcuts that help in decision-making, which can be adaptive or maladaptive.