Intro to Athletic Training

Anatomy Vocabs

Abrasion

an injury that occurs when several layers of skin are torn loosely or totally removed (a scrape)

Antagonist

A muscle whose action opposes the action of another muscle

Avulsion

an injury in which layers of the skin are torn off completely or only a flap of skin remains

Axial Skeleton

The bones of the head and trunk (skull, spine, sternum, and ribs)

Appendicular Skeleton

bones of the pelvis and shoulder girdles, and limbs

Atrophy

weakness and wasting away of muscle tissue

Belly (muscle)

the central part of a muscle

Bursitis

inflammation of the bursa caused by excessive stress or tension

Cardiac Muscle

the type of muscle that makes up the heart

Comminuted Fracture

a break in the bone in which the bone is shattered in many pieces

Compound Fracture

a complete break in the bone where the bone ends separate and break through the skin (open fracture)

Concentric Contraction

a contraction resulting in the shortening of the muscle

Connective Tissue

cells whose secretions support and connect organs and tissues in the body

Contractibility

the ability to shorten or reduce the distance between the parts

Contusion

an injury resulting from a direct blow or force that does not interrupt the skin (bruise)

DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness)

the presence of soreness in the muscle a day or two after overuse of the muscles or a traumatic injury

Eccentric Contraction

a contraction of muscle that results in the lengthening of the opposing muscle

Ecchymosis

bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin

Elasticity

the ability to return to original form after being compressed or stretched

Epiphyseal Plate Fracture

a break in the bone at the growth plate

Excitability

the ability to respond to stimuli

Extensibility

the ability to lengthen and increase the distance between two parts

Greenstick Fracture

an incomplete break in the shaft of the bone

Hematoma

the formation caused by pooling of the blood and fluid within a tissue space

Hypertrophy

an increase in the size of muscle tissue

Inflammation

process that occurs when tissues are subjected to chemical or physical trauma. Pain, heat, redness, and swelling occur

Insertion

the part of the skeletal muscle that is attached to the moveable part of the bone

Laceration

an injury that results from a tear in the skin (a cut)

Leukocytes

white blood cells

Muscle Fatigue

the result of accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle

Origin

the part of the skeletal muscle that is attached to the fixed part of a bone

Ossification

the process of bone formation

Osteoblast

type of bone cell involved in the formation of bony tissue

Osteoclast

type of bone cell involved in the resorption of bony tissue

Osteocyte

bone cell

Prime Mover

muscle that provides movement in a single direction

Puncture Wound

an injury caused by a sharp object that penetrates the skin

Simple Fracture

a break in the bone that may be complete or incomplete, but does not break through the skin

Skeletal Muscle

the type of muscle, attached to a bone or bones of the skeleton

Smooth Muscle

the involuntary type of muscle that is not attached to bone

Sprain

an injury to the ligaments surrounding a joint

Strain

a muscle injury caused by the twisting or pulling of a muscle or tendon

Stress Fracture

a small, incomplete creak in the bone that results form overuse, weakness, or biomechanical problems

Tendonitis

inflammation of tendons caused by overuse or repetitive motion