Developmental Psychology 1 - Cognitive Development

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on cognitive development in children, focusing on aspects such as attention, memory, perceptual learning, and executive functions.

Middle Childhood

Stage from 6 to 11 years old characterized by formal education and development of cognitive skills.

Perceptual Learning

Experience-dependent enhancement of the ability to interpret sensory information, such as sight and sound.

Own-Race Recognition Advantage

Phenomenon where individuals are better at recognizing faces from their own racial group compared to others.

Selective Attention

The ability to focus on specific stimuli while ignoring distractions, which improves during middle childhood.

Long-Term Memory

Memory system responsible for storing information over extended periods of time.

Working Memory

Short-term holding and manipulation of information necessary for complex cognitive tasks.

Central Executive

The part of working memory responsible for directing attention, coordinating tasks, and managing cognitive processes.

Inhibitory Control

The ability to suppress impulses and distractions in order to focus attention on a task.

Executive Function

Cognitive processes that manage and control other cognitive abilities, including attentional control and working memory.

Guided Participation

The process through which children learn by actively engaging in activities guided by more skilled peers or adults.

Scaffolding

Support provided by a teacher or peer that helps a learner accomplish a task they cannot complete independently.

Flashbulb Memory

A vivid and detailed recollection of a significant event, often including emotional aspects.

Class Inclusion

Understanding the relationship between a whole and its parts, specifically in categorizing items.

Developmental Stages of Reading

Progressive stages of reading development as outlined by Jeanne Chall, including pre-reading and fluency.

Phonetic Spelling

Early writing stage in which children use sounds to spell words phonetically, often with some errors.

Mathematical Concepts

Foundational ideas about numbers and operations that children learn through various instructional methods.

Representativeness Heuristic

A mental shortcut used to make judgments about probability based on how much something resembles a typical case.

Dichotic Listening

A psychological test used to assess selective attention where different auditory messages are presented to each ear.