mental and physical health

personality disorders

patterns of traits that are socially undesirable and taken to the extremes

8% of people around the world

five general characteristics of personality disorder

unusual, tend to cause problems, affect social relations, stable over time, person with the personality disorder may not see it as a disorder

social

manifest interactions with other people

stable over time

difficult to change with therapy and typically starts early

ego syntonic

symptoms are seen as normal by the person

old system

19 major disorders in three clusters

cluster a

odd and eccentric patterns of thinking

cluster a disorders

schizotypal schizoid paranoid

cluster b

impulsive and erratic patterns of behavior

cluster b disorders

histrionic narcissistic antisocial borderline

cluster c

anxious and avoidant emotional styles

cluster c disorders

dependent avoidant obsessive-compulsive

new system

six major and no clusters

schizoid, paranoid, histrionic, dependent are deleted

schizotypal personality disorder

extreme pattern of odd beliefs and behaviors and difficulties relating to others

strange ideas unconventional behavior, difficultly in close relationship, superstitious beliefs

slightly more common in men

stable throughout life

narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)

extreme pattern of arrogant, exploitative, entitled and damaging behavior and a serve lack of empathy

need for recognition and thinking that one is superior

can be dangerous and is almost impossible to treat → more ego syntonic than other personality disorders

more common in men

antisocial personality disorder

extreme pattern of deceitful manipulative and sometimes dangerous behaviors

illegal activities, impulsive behavior, irritable and irresponsible, problems caused to others doesn’t bother them

more common in men

borderline personality disorder

an extreme and sometimes dangerous pattern of emotional and behavioral instability

most severe personality disorder

suicide attempts, self harm, identity disturbance, confusing interpersonal relationships

more common in women

avoidant personality disorder

fear of failure, criticism, or rejection leads to avoidance of normal activities

expects the worst from others

need constant reassurance

active inhibition of emotional expression

deep craving for affection and social acceptance

similar prevalence in men and women

obsessive compulsive personality disorder

an extreme pattern of rigidly conscientiousness behavior

bound by rituals

severely judgmental of others

lacks sense of proportion

workaholism

inability to throw things away

ego syntonic

not the same as OCD

one of the more common personality disorders

the bad five

trait domains that are used to organize 6 major personality disorders

the bad five traits

negative affectivity (ex: anxiety and suspicion)

detachment

antagonism (like narcissism)

disinhibition

psychoticism

the healthy personality

having good mental health and good physical health