AP Human Geography- Vocab

Unit 2

Agricultural Density

The total number of farms per unit of arable land

Antintalasim

Discouragement of child bearing to limit population

Arithmetic Density

The total number of people per unit area of land, also called Crude Density

Carrying Capacity

The maximum population size an environment can sustain.

Crude Birth Rate

The number of births in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population

Crude Death Rate

The number of deaths per given year per 1,000 people in a given population

Demographic Transitions

Shifts in the growth of the world’s population based on birth and death trends

Demographics

Data about structure and characteristics of human population

Dependency Ratio

The number of people in the dependent age group (Under age 15 or over 65) divided by the number of people in the working age group (15-65)m

Doubling time

The number of years a population growing at a certain rate would take to double

Infant Mortality Rate

The number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1,000

Life Expectancy

The average number of years a person is expected to live

Natural Increase Rate

The percentage by which a population grows or shrinks in a year due to births and deaths

Overpopulation

Describing the condition which population growth outstrips the resources needed to support life

Physiological Density

The total number of people per unit of arable land

Population Density

The number of people occupying a unit of land

Population Distribution

Where people live in a geographic area

Population Pyramid

A graph that shows the age-sex ration distribution of a given population

Pronatalism

An encouragement of child bearing to stimulate population growth

Sex Ratio

The proportions of males to females in a population

Thomas Malthus/Malthusian Theory

A theory that human population grows exponentially and food supply grows arithmetically

Total Fertility rate

The average number of children one women will have in a given country or region in her childbearing years

Urbanization

Urban growth and development (More machinery less agriculture)

Asylum Seekers

Those seeking the right to protection in a country

Brain Drain

The less of trained or educated people to the lure of working for another, likely richer, country

Chain Migration

People moving to a different location because others from their community having previously migrated there

Diaspora

Scattered people who share common ethical backgrounds or beliefs from their original homeland to other regions usually due to forced migration or voluntary movement

Emigration

Movement away from a location

Forced Migration

People are compelled to move by economic, political, environmental or cultural factors

Guest Worker

I migrant who travels to a new country as a temporary laborer

Immigration

Movement to a location

Internal Migration

A movement within a countries borders

Internally Displaced Person

A person forced to leave their home but is still within country borders

International Migration (Transnational Migration)

Movement where people retain strong cultural, emotional, and financial ties with their countries of origin

Intervening obstable

An occurrence that holds migrants back

Intervening Opportunity

Aa occurrence in which migrants pause their journey by choice

Mobility

All types of movement from one location to another

Net Migration

The difference between the number of immigrants and immigrants in a location

Pull Factors

A positive cause that attracts someone to a new location

Push Factors

A negative cause that pushes someone to leave a location

Refugee

A person forced to leave their country for fear of persecution or fear

Relocation Diffusion

The spread of cultural traits through the movement of people

Remittances

Money earned by an emigrant abroad and sent back to their country

Step Migration

Smaller moves to get to the ultimate destination

Skills Gap

A shortage of people trained in a particular industry

Voluntary Migration

A type of migration where people make the choice to move to a new place