Chemical Measurements and SI Units

Flashcards related to chemical measurements, SI units, and related concepts based on lecture notes.

Meter (m)

The distance light travels in a vacuum during 1/299,792,458 of a second.

Kilogram (kg)

The mass of the Pt-Ir alloy prototype kilogram made in 1885 and kept under an inert atmosphere at Sèvres, France.

Second (s)

The duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to a certain atomic transition of 133Cs.

Ampere (A)

The current producing a force of 2 × 10-7 newtons per meter of length when maintained in two straight, parallel conductors of infinite length and negligible cross section, separated by 1 meter in a vacuum.

Kelvin (K)

Defined such that the triple point of water is 273.16 K, and the temperature of absolute zero is 0 K.

Candela (cd)

A measure of luminous intensity visible to the human eye.

Mole (mol)

The number of particles equal to the number of atoms in exactly 0.012 kg of 12C (approximately 6.022 × 1023).

Frequency (Hertz, Hz)

Number of cycles per unit time for a repetitive event.

Force (Newton, N)

Product of mass x acceleration.

Pressure (Pascal, Pa)

Force per unit area.

Energy, Work, Quantity of Heat (Joule, J)

Force x distance = mass x acceleration x distance.

Power, Radiant Flux (Watt, W)

Energy per unit time.

Giga (G)

Prefix meaning 10^9.

Mega (M)

Prefix meaning 10^6.

Kilo (k)

Prefix meaning 10^3

Deci (d)

Prefix meaning 10^-1.

Centi (c)

Prefix meaning 10^-2.

Milli (m)

Prefix meaning 10^-3.

Micro (μ)

Prefix meaning 10^-6.

Nano (n)

Prefix meaning 10^-9.

Pico (p)

Prefix meaning 10^-12.

Femto (f)

Prefix meaning 10^-15.

Mass

A measure of the amount of matter in an object.

Matter

Anything that occupies volume and has mass.

Weight

Measure of the force of gravitational attraction between the object and the Earth.

Temperature

Measurement of the degree of heat or cold.

Liter (L)

Volume occupied by one cubic decimeter.

Density

An intensive property that doesn't depend on the quantity of mass present, given by the ratio of mass to volume.

Specific Gravity

Unitless ratio of a substance's density to the density of a reference.

Dimensional Analysis

Utilizing the relationship given quantity X conversion factor = desired quantity and the units cancel as follows: given unit X desired unit = desired unit given unit