Electromagnetics Lecture Notes Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards based on the provided electromagnetics lecture notes.

Gauss's Law

Relates the electric field to the charge density.

Nonexistence of isolated magnetic charge

States that there are no isolated magnetic charges (monopoles).

Faraday's Law

Relates a changing magnetic field to the electric field.

Ampere's Circuital Law

Relates a magnetic field to electric current and changing electric field

Lorentz force equation

Describes the force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields.

Continuity equation

Relates the divergence of current density to the rate of change of charge density.

Isotropy

A condition where the properties of a material are the same in all directions.

Homogeneity

A condition where the properties of a material are the same at all points.

Linearity

A condition where the output is directly proportional to the input.

Electric Scalar Potential (V)

A scalar quantity that describes the electric potential.

Magnetic Vector Potential (A)

A vector quantity used to calculate magnetic fields, especially when the source is a current distribution.

Lorentz condition for potentials

Relates the electric and magnetic potentials in time-varying fields.

Retarded Electric Scalar Potential

Electric scalar potential that accounts for the travel time of electromagnetic effects.

Retarded Magnetic Vector Potential

Magnetic vector potential that accounts for the travel time of electromagnetic effects.

Velocity of Wave Propagation (u)

The velocity at which electromagnetic waves propagate in a medium.

Phasor

A complex number that represents the amplitude and phase of a sinusoidal oscillation.

Time-Harmonic Fields

Electromagnetic fields that vary sinusoidally with time.

Uniform Plane Wave

A wave in which the electric and magnetic fields have constant amplitude in planes perpendicular to the direction of propagation.

Unbounded Wave

Wave that propagates through a medium without interacting with obstacles or interfaces.

Guided Wave

Wave that propagates along a material structure.

Lossy Dielectric

A medium in which an electromagnetic wave loses power as it propagates.

Attenuation Constant (α)

Describes how the amplitude of an electromagnetic wave decreases as it propagates through a medium.

Phase Constant (β)

Measures the phase shift per unit length of an electromagnetic wave.

Intrinsic Impedance (η)

The ratio of the electric to magnetic field strength for a propagating electromagnetic wave in a medium.

Loss Tangent (tan δ)

The ratio of conduction current density to displacement current density in a material.

Complex Permittivity (εc)

Permittivity that accounts for the energy loss in a dielectric material.