M.8 Weekly Quizzes

M.8, W.1-3

How does cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) appear on MRI images?

A. Hyperintense on T1s, Hypointense on T2w

B. Isointense on both T1w and T2w

C. Hyperintense on T1w, Hyperintense on T2w

D. Hypointense on T1w, Hyperintense on T2w

E. Hypointense on T1s, Hypointense on T2w

Hypointense on T1w, Hyperintense on T2w

Why is the spinal cord enlarged at the level of the thoracic and pelvic intumescences?

A. As a result of an increased number of motor neurons

B. As a result of a thickening of the dura

C. As a result of an increased number of support cells

D. As a result of larger nerve roots

E. As a result of an increase in the diameter of the central canal

As a result of an increased number of motor neurons

Which are the functional divisions of the brain?

A. Cranial nerve I, forebrain, cerebellum

B. Thalamus, lateral ventricles, cerebellum

C. Cranial nerves, brainstem, forebrain

D. Thalamus, cranial nerves, cerebellum

E. Forebrain, cerebellum, brainstem

Forebrain, cerebellum, brainstem

In which part of the central nervous system do upper motor neurons (UMN) originate?

motor regions of the cerebral cortex of the brain stem

1. Interthalamic adhesion

2. Cerebellum

3. Pituitary gland

4. Lateral ventricle

1. Where is the major production site of CSF?

2. List all the meningeal layers

1. choroid plexus

2. Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

What are the three general mechanisms for removing neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft? Why is this functionally important?

1. Diffusion

2. Cellular uptake (either postsynaptic or localized glial cell)

3. enzymatic degradation

*It is important to remove the NTs from the synaptic cleft so that the post synaptic site can engage in a subsequent round of activation following the arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic terminal.

The sensory neuronal cell body originates from:

a. sclerotome

b. The alar plate

c. neural tube

d. neural cavity

e. neural crest

neural crest

Little or no vertebral blood reaches the brain in which species?

a. Sheep and Cat

b. Dog and Ox

c. Ox

d. Dog

e. All of the above

sheep and cat

Which clinical signs would you expect to be associated with dysfunction of these nerves?

• Vestibular

• Facial

• Trigeminal

• Hypoglossal

• Oculomotor

Vestibular -

Facial -

Trigeminal -

Hypoglossal -

Oculomotor -

Identify three clinical signs which can be expected with vestibular dysfunction

The effects of light on a photoreceptor cell are initiated by interaction of photons with:

a. Transducin

b. Sodium ion channels

c. Adenylate cyclase

d. Rhodopsin

e. Phosphodiesterase

Contraction of which extraocular muscle would result in dorsal rotation of the anterior pole (cornea) of the eyeball?

a. Lateral Rectus

b. Ventral Rectus

c. Retractor Bulbi

d. Medial Rectus

e. Dorsal Rectus

Describing a visual pathway reflex as sub cortical means

a. That the reflex requires a low level of stimulus to elicit

b. That the reflex involves brain pathways that do not involve the cortex

c. That the reflex involves pathways that are routed through the spinal cord

d. That the reflex is unimportant in understanding the visual pathways

e. That the reflex involves brain pathways that pass through the cortex

that the reflex involves brain pathways that do not involve the cortex

Which cranial nerve has special somatic afferent fibers (SSA)

A. Cranial nerve II (optic)

B Cranial nerve X (vagus)

C. Cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal)

D. Cranial nerve I (olfactory)

E. Cranial nerve V (trigeminal)

Cranial Nerve II (optic)

The secretion of which anterior pituitary hormone is thought to be principally regulated by an inhibitory hypothalamic factor?

a. Luteinizing hormone

b. Thyroid stimulating hormone

c. Prolactin

d. Follicle stimulating hormone

e. Growth hormone

Prolactin