AHS Final Exam Review

Which is function exclusively the responsibility of the physician?

Developing the plan of care

Which of these is NOT considered a healthcare provider?

Medical assistant

What is the meaning of the term biomechanics?

The science of moving or manipulation of muscles and bones.

What is the term for specialized medical training a physician receives?

Residency

How long is the entire educational experience to become a board-certified specialized surgeon, starting after high school?

11 years or more

The position of physician assistant grew out of the need for

more primary care physicians

The HITECH Act of 2008 led many employers to require ______ of medical assistants.

certification or registration.

Clinical medical assistants (CMAs) must earn a certificate or diploma, which can take ______ to complete. They can also complete their education by getting an associate degree, which takes 2 years to complete.

18 months

Which term means the process of gathering patient health history, nature of current complaint, and reviewing medical record?

Patient interview

The inpatient nurse is performing a patient interview on a patient. Which area is not part of the traditional patient interview?

Review of test results

What is the term for a more complete, expansive description of the chief complaint?

History of present illness (HPI)

During the patient interview, the patient shares that they “probably drink too much".” Which area of the patient interview does this statement fall under?

Social history

The final stage of the patient interview is

review of systems

Which of these is not a method for measuring a patient’s temperature?

Antecubital

Which piece of equipment measure blood pressure?

Sphygmomanometer

T/F In training of a physician, a residency may be followed by a fellowship.

False; fellowship follows residency.

T/F A surgeon usually also practices family medicine or internal medicine, referring patients to specialists as needed.

False; surgeons only perform operations.

T/F A physician assistant can do many of the same things that a physician can do, including writing prescriptions.

True

T/F The education required for a physician assistant is just about the same as that of a MD or DO, though the exams are different.

False; PAs require only master’s level education, not doctorate level.

T/F A healthcare professional’s scope of practice consists of the activities they are deemed competent to perform.

True

T/F An experienced physician may be able to make a diagnosis based only on patient medical history.

True

T/F Signs are subjective, meaning they vary from case to case, whereas symptoms are objective and observable by others.

False; symptoms are subjective and signs are objective.

T/F Basic information that should be obtained for most chief complaints includes past medical history, social history, and family history.

False; onset, location, duration, and quality of pain are important.

T/F Blood pressure consists of two values: systolic, which is the maximum pressure at which the pulse can be heard, and diastolic, the minimum pressure at which the pulse can be heard.

True

T/F A normal adult pulse rate is between 100 and 160 beats per minute (BPM).

False; 60-100 BPM.

T/F The tip of the stem of the rectal thermometer is red, and that of the oral thermometer is blue or sliver for easy identification.

True

Inspection

A visual examination of the patient.

Palpation

Technique used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of parts of the body with the hands.

Anthropometric measurements

Measurements used to assess the patient’s overall health using size, shape, and the composition of the human body.

Percussion

Technique of tapping with the fingertips to evaluate size, borders, and consistency of internal structures of the body.

Auscultation

Examination technique of listening to the body’s sounds.

Vital signs

Values that can be used to measure changes in body function, general health, and the response to treatment.

Respiration

The inspiration and expiration of a breath.

Which of these levels of nursing requires the least amount of training and education?

LPN

Which type of nurse might supervise nursing students?

RN

BSN nursing students’ education includes leadership and management, whereas ADN and diploma nursing students learn mostly ______ skills.

clinical

In 2019, the average annual pay for a RN fell within which range?

$70,000-$80,000

A registered nurse student must graduate from school and pass which exam?

NCLEX-RN

What is the current trend in nursing education?

To encourage more nurses to obtain a BSN.

What is the purpose of a nurse bridging program?

To support nurses with degrees who wish to move to a higher academic nursing level.

Which nursing position is a level above RN?

APRN

The average annual salary of a NP in the U.S. in 2019 falls between which range?

$115,000-125,000

Which is an instrumental activity of daily living (IADL)?

Preparing food

Nursing assistants (NAs) work under the supervision of a RN or LPN and mainly provide _____ to patients.

basic and personal care

The average annual pay for a nursing assistant in the U.S. in 2019 was between _____.

$26000-35000

What does “A” stand for in ADPIE, which explains the five steps of the nursing process?

Assessment

Severe diarrhea could lead to

dehydration

Which form of fluid loss cannot be measured?

Perspiration

In addition to wearing PPE, handwashing is one of the best ways to prevent spread of pathogens. How long should you wash your hands for?

at least 20 seconds

The CDC recommends a set of safety measures including handwashing, using protective barriers, and PPE. What is this set of measures called?

Standard Precautions

Mrs. Robinson has spent 3 months in a long-term care facility. The staff did not reposition her frequently enough and now she has skin breakdown where she laid. What is another term for this type of injury?

Decubitus ulcer

T/F Registered nurses may practice under the supervision of a physician, or independently in areas such as women’s health.

False; this is APRN.

T/F Most states require nursing assistants to become certified.

True

T/F Nursing assistants must complete a 1- or 2-year training program.

False; LPNs have a 1-2 year training program.

T/F Oral intake is considered anything that is liquid at room temperature and taken by mouth.

True

T/F ROM exercises may be ordered for patients who are immobile, and should be performed at least once every 24 hours.

False; every 8 hours.

T/F One of the most important safety practices used by nursing staff is checking the identification of the patient before administering medications.

True

T/F Transmission-based precautions are observed when standard precautions are not necessary.

False; these are used in addition to standard precautions.

T/F When assisting a patient with eating, it is important to refrain from talking.

False; talking makes the meal more pleasant.

T/F When making a bed, linens will be used in this order: pillowcases, bottom sheet, mattress pad, draw sheet, top sheet, blanket, and bedspread.

False; mattress pad, bottom sheet, draw sheet, top sheet, blanket, bedspread, pillowcases.

T/F It is not possible to make a bed while it is occupied by the patient.

False; it is possible but you need proper mechanics.

Supine

May be used for comfort or sleep.

Prone

May be used for comfort or treatments to the back.

Semi-Fowlers

May be used for comfort or to decrease pressure on the abdominal organs.

Left Sims’

Used for taking a rectal temperature and for administering enemas.

Orthopneic

May be assumed to ease respiratory distress.

Trendelenberg

raises only the legs, may be used to treat conditions of lowered blood pressure such as shock.

_____ are different areas of the hospital not considered departments which provide specialized patient care and special care wards.

Units

Data for the nursing assessment step of ADPIE is gathered by interviewing the patient, physical ______, and observation.

examination

The clinical term for vomiting is _____.

emesis

When performing ROM exercises, the patient should be positioned comfortably in the ____ position.

supine

Sheets that are free of wrinkles are more comfortable and help prevent the formation of ______.

bedsores

The nursing _________ manual is one resource used to guide staff members regarding security practices.

policy and procedure

Compared to oral consumption, IV fluids and tube feeding are considered more invasive methods of providing _______.

fluid intake

The “I” in ADPIE stands for ________ or ___________.

Implementation; intervention.

Hospital beds are often made with _____ corners, a bed-making technique that creates a sharp, smooth corner.

mitered.

The nursing process ADPIE is a _______-oriented framework for meeting the patient’s needs.

goal.

What is the name for a company that contracts with an employer, health insurer, or government payer to negotiate drug prices and offer prescription needs to beneficiaries?

Pharmacy benefit manager

What is the term for the list of drugs available to a health insurance enrollee?

Formulary

A practicing pharmacist has a ______, while a professional pharmacist has a ________.

5-year PharmB; 6-year PharmD.

Some pharmacy schools accept students directly after high school graduation and are referred to as ______.

0-6

After completing the PharmD program, a prospective pharmacist must pass which exam(s)?

The North American Pharmacist Licensure Exam (NAPLEX) and the Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence exam (MPJE).

The pharmacy assistant is a(n) _______ staff member.

entry-level

Another term for a community pharmacy is a ________ pharmacy.

retail

The pharmacist technician in a hospital might fill over 1000 individual prescriptions, which are picked up by the _______ and administered to the patient.

nurse

Polypharmacy is when

a patient takes multiple medications at the same time.

Which of these tasks might the pharmacy technician or pharmacist do, but not a pharmacy assistant?

perform dosage calculations.

Which controlled substance class, or schedule, has the highest potential for abuse and addiction?

Schedule I

The generic name for a medication is created by the

FDA

Generic medications generally cost how much less than their brand-name equivalent?

85%

Which abbreviation would appear on a prescription, if not e-prescribed, to indicate the patient should take the medication at bedtime?

h.s.

Inunction is a route of drug administration that involves applying medication

topically to the skin.

T/F A pharmacy technician has the authority to fill prescriptions and a pharmacy assistant cannot.

True

T/F Pharmacy technicians can earn the CPhT credential if they pass either the PTCE or the ExCPT tests. They do not need to pass both.

True

T/F While you will find both PharmD, or “professional pharmacists",” and BS Pharm, or “practicing pharmacists” working today, the current industry standard is the BS Pharm degree.

False; the PharmD degree is the standard.

T/F E-prescribing can create more confusion in the doctor’s office and the pharmacy because of the high possibility of an error versus traditional paper prescriptions.

False; e-prescribing is accurate and error-free.

T/F Pharmacists who work in research and development (R&D) in the pharmaceutical industry are referred to as toxicologists.

True

T/F Clinical trials conducted in the development of new drugs take 2-4 years, on average, to complete.

False; 6-7 years.

T/F It is important to obtain information about medications that a patient stopped taking within the past 30 days.

True

T/F The three common systems of measurement used to calculate drug dosages are apothecary, parenteral, and metric.

False; apothecary, metric, and household units