Human Body Systems

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture notes on human body systems, preparing the student for their exam.

What is a major misconception about the human body mentioned in the introduction?

That any part of the human body exists in a static state.

What are the three types of muscles in the muscular system?

Skeletal muscle, Smooth muscle, and Cardiac muscle.

What process in the respiratory system involves the exchange of gases?

Gas exchange, where oxygen passes from air into blood and carbon dioxide passes from blood into air.

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

To break down food into materials the body can use for energy and growth.

What role does the circulatory system play in the body?

It transports respiratory gases, nutrient molecules, wastes, and hormones throughout the body.

What is the function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

They filter out bacteria and other foreign particles.

What are hormones?

Regulatory chemicals secreted by endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream to control body functions.

How does the endocrine system respond to stress?

It triggers the release of hormones such as epinephrine and norepinephrine to prepare the body for a 'fight or flight' response.

What is the role of the kidneys in the urinary system?

To regulate the chemical composition of fluids in the body and excrete waste products in urine.

What are the components of the central nervous system?

The brain and the spinal cord.