Lipids and Biomolecules

Flashcards covering key definitions and concepts related to lipids and their functions, types, and structures.

Lipids

Hydrophobic, nonpolar molecules that are soluble in nonpolar solvents and serve as concentrated storage forms of energy.

Fatty Acids

Carboxylic acids that contain a hydrocarbon tail, making them partly polar and partly nonpolar.

Triglycerides

Lipids composed of three fatty acids and glycerol.

Phospholipids

Lipids consisting of two fatty acids, glycerol, and a phosphate group, essential for cell membrane structure.

Steroids

Lipids derived from cholesterol with a complex structure characterized by four fused carbon rings.

Eicosanoids

Lipids derived from the fatty acid arachidonic acid, playing key roles in signaling.

Saturated Fatty Acids

Fatty acids with no double bonds between carbon atoms.

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Fatty acids with one or more double bonds, further classified as monounsaturated or polyunsaturated.

Essential Fatty Acids

Fatty acids that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet.

Functions of Lipids

Include concentrated energy storage, components of cell membranes, regulation of membrane permeability, and acting as precursors for hormones.