puberty + adolescence

times of puberty

11-14 yo, development of secondary sex characteristics, ends with menarch in grils and sperm in boys (adolesences begins)

4 physical parts of puberty

1. rapid phsycial growth

2. changes in prportions

3. development of primary char.

4. development of secondary char.

contradictions and frustrations:

ex: want independence. hwile needing supervision

wants peer acceptance while frustated by same ppers

adult like behavior with child liek impulses

adolescense period

begins with sexual maturityh and ends with emotional maturity

period of most rapid growth

1st = infancy

2nd = puberty

where does growth first start

feet

what percent does hieght inc by

20-25%

growth in height per gender

boys = 4-12 in

girls = 2-8 in

does height or weight growth first

hiegh

weight gains per gender

boys = 15-65 lbs

girls = 15-55 lbs

primary sex characteristic changes

aka gonads — become active during puberty

adenohypophysis

influences maturaltion of primary sex glands — in the anterior lobe of hte pituitary gland

male primary sex char

testes in sac called the scrotum — produce sperm + testosterone (male sex horomone)

female primary sex char.

ova/eggs — hormones = estrogen and progesterone

blood lost per period

30-60 ml

secondary sex characteristic

no direct role in reproduction ex: public hair, breast changes

boy secondary sex char.

armpit and facial hair after public hair growth, larynx/voice box deeping voice

female secondary sex char

wider hips and breast development (increase of fatty tissue and maturation of mammary glands)

sebaceous glands

produce oil and causes acne

apocrine glands

sweat glands — produce odor

when does growth stop per age

girls = 16-17

boys = 18-20

lung changes

weight and volume of lungs increase — slows respt rate + more capacity

stomach changes

stomach and intestines grow — more food

tooth changes

13 yo = second molars

14-25 yo = wisdom teeth

jaw reaches adult size at end

pulse

60-90

respt rate

same as adult = 16-24

heart changes

bigger heart = thicker walls of blood vessels = improved pumping ability + more blood volume

in boys more force to distribute blood to largerbody which increase s blood pressure

sexual development

at first friends with same sex + compare size of body parts

stats in sexual activity

30 year decline - 20% 15-24 have had sexp

percent of gay

8-16% — better env now

emotions of 13-14

hide feelings and very negative, seen things from own pov, intolerace toward others, hard to compromise

emotions of 15-16

better at compromising, more tolerant of other views, think more independently, continue experiemnt with personal image outside, dating starts

emotions 17-19

more seriousness, more involved in activities, idealistic, stress about fuure, beleive more in touch with real world than parents, bridge generation gap with close relationships with grandparents

piaget stage

shift to formal operational thought

what is a prerequisite of moral dev

cognitive development

stages of moral dev

early teens = conventional

transitional stage = begin to question authority (may reject religions)

calories by gender

girl = 2600

boy = 3600

need the most calories at this stage

percent of protein intake

12-16%

increased calcium for what

skeletal and muscle growth + blood volume that has increased

percent with anorexia nervous

shift from 13-17 years to 9-13 years

1% of boys, 4% of girls

how much body weight lost with anorexia nervosa

25%

child obsity rate for 12-19yo

21.2%

leading cause of death (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

accidents with increased motor abilities and lack of judgement

second cause = homocide

3rd = depression

percent vaping

1 in 5 hightschool

1 in 20 middle school

2016 % of deaths from drug overduse with prescribed opiods

40%

% binge drinking (5 or more drinks in a row 4 for women — in 2 hours)

18%

most commont sti despite vaccine

HPV (human papillomavirus)

age of hpv vaccine

11-12 before secually active

gland that releases hormones and starts puberty

pituitary gland

onset of puberty per gender

10-12 for girls

12-14 for boys

growth spurt in and time

3-4 in in a few months

asynchrony

uneven timing of growth where feet and hands grow first and then arms and legs

weight gain in girls vs boys

girls = fat tissies

males = muscle mass

femalse in in fat tissue younger than males in muscle tissue

lag time between what growth

bone growths first then muscle growth

may lose strength in limbs until muscles catch up to bone growth

first exams for each gender

gynecological = pap smear and pelvic examin

testicular = signs of cancer

plaque and tartar

plaque = sticky layer of bacteria and can harden into tartar

personal fables

frequent in adolescents to inflat opinion of their own importance

gray matter

cells that make us think

peak of gray matter

adolesence

when is brain full sized

early years of adolescnce

amygdala and prefrontal cortex

amygdala develops first and responsible for emotional reactions

cortex = regulates emotions and impulse control

so actions in teens guided more by emotions + impulses

stages of dating

group, casual, steady

disabilted cogntivily

Teens with cognitive disabilities also begin to plan for the transitioning phase from school to adulthood. According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the teen’s parents, teachers, and other professionals examine and develop a plan for the teen’s transition to adulthood by age 16. This Individualized Education Plan (IEP) outlines steps for the teen to pursue goals after high school, including postsecondary education, occupational studies, employment, or independent living.