Acids, Bases, and Salts in Chemistry

Flashcards covering key concepts related to acids, bases, and salts in chemistry.

Acid

A substance that forms hydrogen ions as the only positive ion when dissolved in water.

Base

A substance that forms hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.

Alkaline

A base that is soluble in water.

Hydroxide Ion

The ion formed when a base dissolves in water, represented as OH-.

Strong Alkali

An alkali that dissociates completely in water.

Weak Alkali

An alkali that dissociates partially in water.

pH Scale

A scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, with values ranging from 0 to 14.

Neutral Solution

A solution with a pH value of 7 that is neither acidic nor alkaline.

Uses of Sodium Carbonate

Commonly known as washing soda; used in various soaps.

Calcium Hydroxide

Commonly known as quick lime; used in cement production.

Baking Soda

Also known as bicarbonate of soda; used in baking.

Properties of Alkaline Solutions

Characterized by a bitter taste, slippery feel, and corrosiveness.

Strong Acid

Is one which ionises completely in aqueous solution.

Weak Acid

Is the one which only dissociates partially in aqueous solution.

Physical properties of Acids

Have a sour taste, are corrosive, turn blue litmus paper red and are colorless solution.

Universal indicator

Is a mixture of indicators and is available either as a solution or in paper form.

Efflorescent

A substance that loses water of crystallisation when exposed to air, often turn into a powdery form.

Salt

Is a compound formed by the reaction between an acid and a base.