OCTH 611: Feeding & Eating

Eating.

This is the ability to maintain and control food and fluid in the mouth and while swallowing.

Swallowing.

The moving of food from the mouth to the stomach through the esophagus.

Suck-swallow-breath synchrony.

The first self-regulatory activity occurring prenatally.

c. 4-6 months.

At what age does an infant use a mature suck pattern?

a. 2-3 months.

b. 3-4 months.

c. 4-6 months.

d. 6-9 months.

f. All of the above.

Which of the following reflexes are present during infancy for protection and survival?

a. Rooting.

b. Suck-swallow.

c. Gag.

d. Phasic bite.

e. Grasp.

f. All of the above.

g. None of the above.

Suckling.

The back and forth movement of the tongue due to limited mobility.

a. Oral preparatory.

Which of the following is the 1st stage of swallowing?

a. Oral preparatory.

b. Oral transit.

c. Esophageal.

d. Pharyngeal.

b. Oral transit.

Which of the following is the 2nd stage of swallowing?

a. Oral preparatory.

b. Oral transit.

c. Esophageal.

d. Pharyngeal.

d. Pharyngeal.

Which of the following is the 3rd stage of swallowing?

a. Oral preparatory.

b. Oral transit.

c. Esophageal.

d. Pharyngeal.

c. Esophageal.

Which of the following is the 1st stage of swallowing?

a. Oral preparatory.

b. Oral transit.

c. Esophageal.

d. Pharyngeal.

d. 70-80%.

What % incidence of children with developmental delays or cerebral palsy have feeding or swallowing deficits?

a. 10-25%.

b. 40-70%.

c. 60-70%.

d. 70-80%.

c. Side laying.

The ideal feeding position for a 3 month old infant with deficits is:

a. Seated upright.

b. Prone on belly.

c. Side laying.

d. Upside down while Dad holds feet.

d. A rubber coated spoon.

A child tends to bite down on their utensils while eating. What type of spoon would be best suited for the child?

a. Wooden spoon.

b. A smaller metal spoon.

c. A curved spoon with rubber handles.

d. A rubber coated spoon.

b. Valved sippy cup.

Which of the following cups is best for head and neck extension?

a. Cup with a removable top.

b. Valved sippy cup.

c. Sippy cup with a straw.

d. A 2-handled cup.

b. Warm soft meat loaf.

A child has oral hypersensitivity. What type of foods would you recommend for the child?

a. Cold yogurt.

b. Warm soft meat loaf.

c. Crunchy and salted crackers.

d. Hot soup with mild flavoring.

d. Crunchy vegetables.

The most difficult food to chew & swallow for a child with dysphagia would be:

a. Warm oatmeal.

b. Cereal with milk.

c. Dry crackers.

d. Crunchy vegetables.

c. Start with the easier foods first.

Which of the following intervention ideas is the least appropriate for a child with dysphagia?

a. Take smaller bites of food.

b. Start with more difficult foods first.

c. Start with the easier foods first.

d. Take empty bites between each spoonful.

1 in 700.

1 in _____ children ae born with a cleft lip or palate.

c. 2 years.

At what age should a child be able to eat most meats and raw vegetables without difficulty?

a. 12 months.

b. 18 months.

c. 2 years.

d. 3 years.

c. 12 months.

You client's child prefers to eat using their fingers and begins to chew using rotary movements. What age should they be?

a. 4 months.

b. 6 months.

c. 12 months.

d. 18 months.

a. 10-25%.

What is the incidence % of feeding & eating problems in normally developing children?

a. 10-25%.

b. 40-70%.

c. 60-70%.

d. 70-80%.

b. 40-70%.

What is the incidence % of feeding & eating problems in premature infants?

a. 10-25%.

b. 40-70%.

c. 60-70%.

d. 70-80%.

6 years.

Cardiorespiratory disease, neurological disease, and gastrointestinal diseases were the most frequent diagnoses accompanying feeding disorders in children under _____ years of age.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

A child exhibits chronic vomiting after feeding, and is developing esophagitis. What is this condition called?

e. Corn.

All of the following are common food allergies, except:

a. Milk.

b. Eggs.

c. Soy.

d. Wheat.

e. Corn.

f. Peanuts.

g. Shellfish.

1. Prematurity,

2. Neuromuscular disease,

3. Structural malformity,

4. Gastrointestinal conditions,

5. Visual impairments, &

6. Tracheostomy.

What are the most common medical diagnoses associated w/ feeding dysfunction?

b. A child with ASD has chronic constipation.

All of the following are clinical indicators for a referral for swallowing evaluation, except:

a. A child has wet vocal quality while eating.

b. A child with ASD has chronic constipation.

c. When drinking milk, the child frequently coughs.

d. The child takes more than 30 minutes to finish a meal due to chewing difficulty.

b. Hand over hand support lifting spoon to mouth, then providing support only half way up from plate.

Which of the following self-feeding interventions is considered backward chaining?

a. Using a raised tray to improve feeding posture.

b. Hand over hand support lifting spoon to mouth, then providing support only half way up from plate.

c. Using a straw with a lidded cup to assist a child with CP.

d. Using a Dycem mat for a child with poor coordination.

b. Environmental.

The OT implements a daily mealtime schedule, where the child sits at the same seat and has 45 minutes to complete their meal. What type of adaptation is the OT using?

a. Self-feeding.

b. Environmental.

c. Positioning.

d. Adaptive equipment.

c. Positioning.

The OT recommends that an infant with sucking, swallowing, and breathing difficulties side-lay when the mother breastfeeds to reduce gagging.

What type of adaptation is the OT using?

a. Self-feeding.

b. Environmental.

c. Positioning.

d. Adaptive equipment.

d. Adaptive equipment.

A child struggles while learning how to drink with a straw. The OT provides them with a shorter and flexible straw. What type of adaptation is the OT using?

a. Self-feeding.

b. Environmental.

c. Positioning.

d. Adaptive equipment.

d. Room temperature water in an opened sippy cup.

Which of the following would be the most difficult for a child to swallow?

a. A milkshake.

b. Warm water in a lidded cup with a straw.

c. Cold water in an opened sippy cup.

d. Room temperature water in an opened sippy cup.

b. Meat loaf with gravy.

Which of the following foods is the least difficult for a child to eat?

a. Whole raw vegetables.

b. Meat loaf with gravy.

c. Steamed vegetables, diced.

d. Crispy potato chips.

d. Sparkling water.

A child is at risk of aspiration but dislikes liquids that cling to his throat. Which of the following is the most suitable alternative?

a. Juice thickened with corn xanthan.

b. Juice thickened with cornstarch.

c. Natural fruit nectar drink.

d. Sparkling water.

b. Chin-tuck.

An infant with delayed swallowing initiation should be taught to use which of the following when swallowing:

a. Sitting upright.

b. Chin-tuck.

c. Side-laying.

d. Swallow while supine.

c. Side-laying.

An infant presents with delayed swallowing initiation due to laryngomalacia. What should be taught to aid in swallowing:

a. Sitting upright.

b. Chin-tuck.

c. Side-laying.

d. Swallow while supine.

b. Sensory processing disorder.

The therapist dips a teething-ring into strawberry syrup and lets the child chew on it before applying gentle pressure to their gums with a gloved finger. What is the therapist's intervention addressing?

a. Dysphagia.

b. Sensory processing disorder.

c. Behavior modification.

d. Neuromuscular.

f. All of the above.

Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a child with ASD that has food selectivity?

a. Positive reinforcement & differential attention.

b. Consistent meal time & length.

c. Reduce grazing.

d. Reduce liquid intake outside of mealtime.

e. Eat at the same seat at the dinner table.

f. All of the above.

g. None of the above.

1. Poor jaw stability, &

2. Poor lip & tongue control.

Delayed transitioning from a bottle to a cup can be caused by:

b. Soft-spouted cup.

A child with neuromuscular impairments and sensory defensiveness has delayed transition from bottle to cup. Which of the following is the most appropriate to use?

a. Cup with no-spill valve.

b. Soft-spouted cup.

c. Nosey cup.

d. Cup with extended flexible straw.

c. Nosey cup.

A child with pharyngeal swallowing deficits and weak neck extension has delayed transition from bottle to cup. Which of the following is the most appropriate to use?

a. Cup with no-spill valve.

b. Soft-spouted cup.

c. Nosey cup.

d. Cup with extended flexible straw.

a. Chewing on a chewy tube.

Which of the following is an example of a nonnutritive jaw strengthening activity?

a. Chewing on a chewy tube.

b. Chewing on fruit encased in a mesh pouch.

c. Chewing on a well-done piece of "steak" from Waffle House.

d. Chewing on a piece of chewing gum.

d. ASD.

All of the following conditions are likely to lead to a neuromuscular oral motor deficit, except:

a. Cerebral palsy.

b. Down syndrome.

c. Prematurity.

d. ASD.

True.

Use of a pacifier is a common way to help children transition from nonoral to oral feeding if they have a history of aspiration.

True or False?

a. Sitting upright >60 degrees.

Which of the following feeding positions should be considered when treating a child with cleft-lip palate?

a. Sitting upright >60 degrees.

b. Chin-tuck.

c. Side-laying.

d. Lateral neck flexion to affected side.

False.

Dr. Brown's Infant Paced Feeding valve and the Haberman Feeder are primarily used to treat children with Down's Syndrome.

True or False?

True.

Dr. Brown's Infant Paced Feeding valve and the Haberman Feeder are primarily used to treat children with Cleft-lLp Palate.

True or False?

True.

Food around the mouth is considered spillage.

True or False?

Rooting reflex.

Stroking the sides of the lips will elicit this reflex in infants: