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Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)

-terrestrial vertebrates (tetrapods) evolved from this group

-fins supported by skeletal extensions of the pectoral and pelvic areas and moved by muscles

-cosmic scales

- hinge across roof of skull, allowing front of skull to be raised to increase gape

Sarcoptergii include:

Coelacanths, lungfish, tetrapods, and osteolepiforms

Cutaneous Respiration

gas exchange through the skin

Osteolepiforms

Paleozoic sarcopterygian closely related to tetrapods

Has notochord but is constricted and supported by ring like multi part vertebrae

Labyrinthodont teeth

Labyrinthodont teeth

Infolding tooth material that resembles a maze

Present in Paleozoic osteolepiforms and amphibians

Acanthostega "sortapod"

Tail fin with well developed rays

Internal gills on brachial arches

Lateral line system, Labyrinthodont tooth roots

Tetrapod pattern of skull bones

More than five digits but no rays on feet or hands

Tetrapods

animals with four limbs; well defined joints and digits, and lacks rays

Amphibians are paraphyletic, compromising tetrapods that are not amniotes

Labyrinthodont Amphibians

- paraphyletic group w/ labyrinthodont teeth, ancestors to lissamphibians and amniotes

- large

- complex vertebrae

- bony scales on abs

- metamorphosis from juvy to adult

- birth in water, more terrestrial then lissa

- Pz, went into meso

Lepospondyli

Modern Amphibians (Frogs, Salamanders, Caecilians)

Aquatic, semi, and terrestrial, but mostly tied to water in terms of reproduction

Pedicellate, bicuspid teeth

Urodela

salamanders and newts

Larvae similar to adults

Truck musculature used for locomotion

Small limbs

Gymnophiona

order of caecilians

Poorly known, limbless

Damp tropical habitat

Aquatic or burrowing

Limited vision

Anura

frogs and toads

Specialized skeleton; short vertebral column with urostyle

Long hind limbs for jumping

Tadpole larva (metamorphosis)

Lost in species with "direct" development

Anura Reproduction and Development

Explosive

Short breeding season

Little polygamy

Fast metamorphosis

Ephemeral bodies of water

Toad reproduction

Prolonged

Permanent body of water

Long breeding season

Polygyny

Long larval stage

Resource defense

satellite males

a male that waits near another male to intercept females drawn to the signals produced by the other male or attracted by the resources defended by the other male

territorial males

Males that defend a territory to attract females and retain resources

Lissamphibia

Modern Amphibians (Frogs, Salamanders, Caecilians)

Aquatic, semi, and terrestrial, but mostly tied to water in terms of reproduction

Pedicellate, bicuspid teeth