Biomaterials Quiz

A quiz over the introduction to biomaterials, including metals, polymers, ceramics, and more.

Biomaterial \[Old\]

a non-viable material used in a medical device intended to interact with biological systems

Biomaterial \[New\]

Any material used to make devices to replace a part or a \n function of the body in a safe, reliable, economic, and physiologically acceptable manner.

Synthetic Materials

Metals, polymers, ceramics, composites

Biological Materials

Biopolymers, tissue derived (collagen), tissues

Joint replacements, plates, screws

Titanium, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium, allografts

Bone replacement/regeneration

Hydroxyapatite, stem cell

Biomaterials outside of medical devices

Biosensors, microfluids, nanofabrication, neural computing

Biomaterials must be…

Biocompatible

Structural properties

Stiffness, area/mass, moment of inertia

Material properties

Elastic modulus, viscoelasticity, fatigue life

Biocompatibility

Acceptance of an artificial implant by the \n surrounding tissues and by the body as a \n whole (doesn’t degrade or degrades without harm)

Biomaterial Selection Criteria

* Biocompatibility
* Physical & mechanical properties
* Biological fixation properties
* Easy to make and sterilize
* Can function in vivo

Device Performance

* Design
* Structural requirements
* Clinical requirements
* Regulatory (FDA)
* Processing
* Materials selection

Bulk Properties

* Tension/compression
* Shear/torsion
* Bending
* Hardness

Surface Properties

* Surface roughness
* Surface crystallinity
* Surface energy (hydrophilicity)

Stress

Force / Area

Strain

Change in length / Original Length

Hooke’s Law

Stress = Modulus \* Strain

What does Poisson’s ratio measure?

Resistance to volume change (lateral strain over longitudinal strain)