Ch 9..8, Male/female Reproductive System

epididym/o

epididymis

gon/o

seed

prostat/o

prostate gland

sprem/o, spermat/o

spermatozoa, seed

terat/o

monster

varic/o

varicose veins

Bulbourethral glands

exocrine galnds near the male urethra that secrete fluid into the urethra, also called cowper glands

ejaculatory duct

tube through which semen enter the male urethra

epididymis

one pair of long, tightly coiled tubes on top of each testis that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubues to the vas deferens

fraternal twins

two infants born from 2 separate cells fertilized by two different sperm cells

parenchyma

the essential distinctive cells of an organ ( in the testis, the seminiferous tubules that produce sperms are the paranchymal tissues)

perineum

external region between the anus and scrotum/vagina in the male/female

prostate gland

exocrine gland at the base od the male urinary bladder, it secretesb the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation

scrotum

external sac that contains the testes

seminal vesicles

paired sac-like male exocrine galnds that secrete fluid into the vas deferens

seminiferous tubules

narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes

spermatozoon (plural: spermatazoa)

sperm cell

sterilization

procedure that removes an individuals ability to produce or release reproductive cells

stroma

supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma

vas deferens

narrow tube that carried sperm from the epididymis into the body and toward the urethra

amni/o

Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus.

culd/o

cul-de-sac

episi/o

vulva

gynec/o

women

metr/o; metri/o

uterus

obstetr/o

pregnancy and childbirth

ovul/o

egg

phor/o

to bear

-arche

beginning

-cyesis

pregnancy

-gravida

pregnant

-parous

bearing, bringing forth

-salpinx

fallopian tube

-tocia

labor, birth

Adnexa Uteri

fallopian tubes, ovaries and supporting ligaments

Amnion

innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

Bartholin glands

small mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice(opening to outside of the body)

chorion

outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo, forms the fetal part of the placenta

clitoris

organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra

coitus

sexual intercourse, copulation

corpus luteum

empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell, means yellow body

cul-de-sac

region in the lower abdomen, midway between and the uterus

embryo

stage in prenatal development from 2-8 weeks

endometrium

inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus

estrogen

hormone produced by the ovaries, promotes female secondary sex characteristics

fallopian tube

one of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus

fetus

stage in prenatal development from 9-39/40 weeks

fimbrae

finger like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FHS)

secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell

genitalia

reproductive organs

gestation

period form fertilization to birth

gonad

female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones, ovary or testes

gynecology

study of the female reproductive organs

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

hymen

mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

lactiferous ducts

tubes that carry milk within the breasts

luteinizing hormone

hormone produced by the pituitary gland that promotes ovulation

mammary papilla

nipple of the breast

menopause

gradul ending of menstration

menstruation

monthly shredding of the uterine lining

myometrium

the middle layer of the uterine wall, consisting mainly of uterine smooth muscle cells (also called uterine myocytes) but also of supporting stromal and vascular tissue.

obstetrics

the branch of medicine and surgery concerned with childbirth and the care of women giving birth.

ovarian follicle

developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary

ovary

one of a pair of female organs on each side of the pelvis, produce eggs

ovulation

release of the ovum from the ovary

ovum (plural) ova

mature egg cell

partuition

act of giving birth

pituitary gland

endocrine gland at the base of the brain, produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries

placenta

vasular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy, serves as a communication between maternal and fetal bloodstreams

progesterone

hormone secreted by the corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of a pregnant woman

uterine serosa

outermost layer of the uterus

uterus

muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop, and form which the menstruation occurs

vulva

external female genitalia, labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice

zygote

stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 week

amniocentesis

puncture into the amnion/uterus to withdraw fluid

colposcopy

visual examination of the vagina

culdocentesis

fluid is withdrawn through the posterior wall of the vagina for diagnostic purposes

episiotomy

an incision through the skin of the perineum that engages the vagina orifice for delivery

glactorrhea

abnormal, persistant discharge of milk

gynecomastia

enlargement of breasts in the male

lactation

normal secretion of milk

oligomenorrhea

infrequent menstural periods

menometrorrhagia

excessive uterine bleeding during and between menstrual periods

oogensesis

producing/ formation of eggs

oophrectomy

removal of an ovary

ovum

mature egg cell

ovarian

pertaining to the ovaries

anovulatory

no ovulation

perineorrhaphy

suture of the perineum

salpingectomy

removal of the fallopian tubes

uterine prolapse

drooping of the uterus

vulvovaginitis

inflammation of the vulva and vagina

menarche

beginning of menstruation, first period

primigravida

a woman in her first pregnancy

primiparous

first pregnancy, giving birth to only one child

pyosplpinx

pus in the fallopian tube

dystocia

painful birth

oxytocia

rapid birth

cephalic version

the fetus turns its head so that it is closest to the cervix

dyspareunia

painful sexual intercourse