Government

Liberty, democracy, and \____ are the United States' core political values.

Equality

Personal and economic freedom are both definitions of

liberty

According to the textbook, the trend line of Americans' trust in the federal government

rose in the 1990s and peaked in 2002

The 1960s marks the time when the United States became a

full practicing democracy.

Efficacy is the

belief that citizens can affect government.

Because they understand how politics affects their lives, knowledgeable citizens tend to

be more engaged in politics.

A government is made up of the

formal institutions that rule a people and territory.

Which of the following wanted to promote political participation for the middle classes?

bourgeoisie

Who gets what, when, and how is a definition of

politics.

The \____ is known for being a republic.

United States

Direct democracy includes all of the following except

advise and consent

Generally, America's demographics have become \____ elderly and \____ young since the Founding.

more; less

\____ has declined in the last 50 years.

Trust in government

A belief in equality of results is

-not part of the U.S. political culture

-Most Americans share the ideal of equality of opportunity, but very few Americans have wholeheartedly embraced the ideal of full equality of results

\____ refers to a system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and operated for profit with minimal or no government interference

laissez-faire capitalism

Protection from domestic or foreign threats is primarily the responsibility of

the federal government

Compared to Europeans, Americans are \____ supportive of income redistribution.

less

The people are sovereign in a

democracy

Majority rule, minority rights and equality of opportunity are

democratic principles

Liberals tend to believe that government should promote \____ and provide \____.

equality; social services

Totalitarianism entails government having unlimited political

power

Political equality means that each citizen

has one, and only one, vote.

When members of the polity meet to discuss policy and make decisions, it is known as a

direct democracy

Representatives make decisions about public policy in

an indirect democracy

The total boycott of all British goods in the colonies came immediately after which event?

creation of the First Continental Congress

Personal income taxes

are recent phenomena for governments, arising in the twentieth century

The New England-based merchants and southern planters

organized together in opposition to taxes imposed by the Stamp and Sugar Acts

The Articles of Confederation

preceded the U.S. Constitution.

The executive leader or presiding officer specified by the Articles of Confederation

did not exist; the Articles specified no executive leader

Prior to the U.S. Constitution, the issues of trade, economic, and political disputes between the states

typified the weakness of the Articles of Confederation

One key demonstration of the weakness of the Articles of Confederation

was the size and duration of Shays's Rebellion

Which of the following is false about the Three-fifths Compromise?

Only three-fifths of all slaves were allowed to vote in national elections

Counting slaves as \____ for the purposes of census did not allow slaves to \____.

three-fifths of a person; vote

Under the Great Compromise, the Senate

was an arena where large and small states would compete on equal footing.

Which of the following statements is false about the ratification of the Constitution?

The Federalist was a serialized pamphlet that fought against the ratification of the Constitution.

Controlling the negative impact of factions

was the central goal of governments according to Madison in Federalist No. 10.

In general, the Federalists' future vision of the United States

triumphed over the Antifederalist vision

Antifederalists' concerns about the Constitution

included a concern that the Constitution did not specifically enumerate protected civil liberties

The Bill of Rights mollified concerns about

an overly powerful central government

The process of amending the Constitution is \____, leading to a \____ proportion of proposed amendments succeeding.

difficult; very small

Changing the structure or composition of the federal government

has been the motivating factor behind most of the post-Bill of Rights amendments

As a political value, individual liberty

was preeminent for the Constitution's authors.

The elastic clause

gives Congress the ability to pass laws related to its expressed powers

The tool used by Congress to remove a president for abuse of power is

Impeachment

Inhibiting effective governance is a possible drawback of a government based upon which political principle?

liberty

According to the text, liberty inevitably leads to the growth of

political activity and the expansion of political participation

In a federal system, power is distributed

between the state and national governments.

Most of the rules and regulations Americans face in their daily lives are set by

state and local governments

The form of government that best describes the American system before the adoption of the Constitution we use today is

confederal.

Which of the following best exemplifies a unitary system of government?

The national government selects the textbooks and curriculum for all schools.

Specific powers provided to the national government in the U.S. Constitution are called \____ powers.

expressed

The power to declare war is an example of which type of power?

expressed

Implied powers of the necessary and proper clause allows

the national government to interpret its delegated powers expansively.

Under a system of dual federalism, the national and state governments are

seen as distinct entities providing separate services.

McCulloch v. Maryland is an important case because

the Court interpreted the delegated powers of Congress broadly, creating the potential for increased national powers.

The commerce clause of Article I, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution affords Congress broad regulatory power over what?

interstate commerce

Over what current issue has the "full faith and credit" clause become embroiled in controversy?

same-sex marriage

Which analogy best describes the federalism arrangement of the late 1930s?

marble cake federalism

Gibbons v. Ogden in 1824 was important because it

gave the national government significant new authority to regulate interstate commerce.

Block grants consist of federal aid to state or local governments that is

to be spent within a specified policy area, though the receiving state or local government can decide how to spend within that area.

New Federalism was generally characterized by

granting state and local governments greater control of nationally funded programs.

Which of the following best exemplifies the ability of the federal government to preempt a state?

federal criminalization of marijuana, even when states or cities allow medicinal use

The Supreme Court ruling in United States v. Lopez is important because

it was the first time since the New Deal that the Supreme Court limited the power of Congress under the commerce clause.

What is the purpose of the Tenth Amendment?

to limit the powers of the central government by establishing reserved powers for states and individuals

What is an example of concurrent powers?

the responsibility of both the national and state governments to charter banks and corporations

Regulations or new conditions for receiving grants that impose costs on state and local governments for which they are not reimbursed by the national government is the definition of

unfunded mandates.

The exclusionary rule was established in which Supreme Court case?

Mapp v. Ohio

Civil liberties are

limitations on government action.

\_______________ liberties place restraints on how government is supposed to act, while \____________ liberties limits what the government has the power to do.

Procedural; substantive

Selective incorporation

considers the provisions of the Bill of Rights one by one and selectively applies them as limits on the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.

The Bill of Rights consists of

the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

The idea of the separation of church and state is most closely associated with the

establishment clause.

Which of the following is a component of the Lemon test?

determining whether government involvement advances a particular religion

The free exercise clause protects

the right to believe in and practice one's religion of choice.

The courts \________ allow the government to regulate the time, manner, and place of expression of an assembly, \_____________ the content neutrality of the regulation.

do; conditional on

Speech accompanied by conduct can be regulated by the government to preserve public order is called

speech plus

Fighting words fall outside constitutional protection because they

directly incite violence

The Second Amendment concerns

Right to bear arms

The Second Amendment right to bear arms was applied to the states via selective incorporation in

McDonald v. Chicago.

Due process of law is

the right of every citizen against arbitrary government action.

The Fifth Amendment protects against

double jeopardy, or being tried for the same crime twice.

Eminent domain is the power of government to

take private property for public use.

The concept of selective incorporation means that

only some of the liberties in the Bill of Rights are applied to the states.

The Eighth Amendment's prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment is most controversial in its application to

the death penalty.

The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade was based on the

right to privacy.

The Supreme Court ruled in Lawrence v. Texas that the right to privacy

extends to homosexuals.

The tension between liberty and national security is evident in

debates over post-9/11 government actions.

According to \____________, the average American exhibits little knowledge of political institutions, processes, or leaders.

recent studies by political scientists

Public opinion is the term used to denote the beliefs people have about all of the following except

culture.

Big government is \____________ considered a core U.S. value.

not

Equality of opportunity is \____________ in the United States.

the most prominent type of equality.

The Internet and comedy television are the main sources of campaign news for

younger Americans.

Political socialization is the process through which

political beliefs and values are formed.

Political socialization includes all of the following except

attending church.

The 9/11 attacks were a key political event that helped to promote

patriotism.

Family provides most people with their \____________ to politics.

initial orientation

Family is the most influential agent of socialization in

early childhood

If you prefer smaller government, you are probably a

conservative

Political and voting differences between men and women are known as the

gender gap.