APES unit 6- pt 1

If peak electricity use occurs around 2p.m.2p.m. in the Los Angeles area and avoiding brownouts is more important to the installers of the PVPV panels than annual energy output, which of the following PVPV panel systems would be best to use in the area?

No tracking, tilted west

Which of the following PV panel systems is least effective at producing energy?

No tracking, tilted east

Which of the following best describes the energy resource used most often for heating and cooking in less developed countries?

Biomass is the predominant fuel source because it is easily obtained locally.

How many BTUs were consumed in the United States in 2017 by consumers that used petroleum as a fuel source?

36 quadrillion BTUs

Throughout the world, especially the less-developed countries, burning wood or other biomass for heating or cooking in homes is common. One negative environmental impact of this practice is the production of particulates indoors, which can be a health hazard to humans.
Which of the following describes the best strategy for mitigating this potential problem?

Installing effective ventilation systems in dwellings

Burning one gallon of gasoline in a car releases approximately 20 pounds of CO2 into the atmosphere.One person drives 60,000 miles in a car that averages 30 miles per gallon (mpg), while another person drives 60,000 miles in a car that averages 20 mpg. Over the course of the 60,000 miles, how many fewer pounds of CO2 are released by the 30 mpg car than by the 20 mpg car?

20,000

At the 1997 rate of consumption, about how long will the estimated 2,000 billion barrels of oil last?

75 years

Which of the following countries has the largest coal reserves?

China

An industry uses natural gas for manufacturing and uses the waste heat to produce electricity. This is an example of which of the following processes?

Cogeneration

Which of the following best describes the conditions under which peat is formed?

Partially decayed vegetation is placed under high-pressure, anaerobic, acidic conditions.

One solution for reducing the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide would be to

decrease the use of fossil fuels

Which of the following is a drawback to using biofuels, such as ethanol, as a fuel source?

There is high energy investment in producing and processing the crops needed for ethanol production.

Which of the following is a negative consequence associated with photovoltaic solar cells?

The manufacture of photovoltaic solar cells involves toxic metals that can be released into the environment.

Economic benefits of building large dams include which of the following?I. Storage of water for agriculture and domestic use

II. Controlling floods upstream

III. Production of renewable energy

I and III only

Which of the following is the most valid inference regarding electricity production, based on the graph above?

Electricity production from coal began to decrease in 2008 because of the increasing use of natural gas and renewable energy.

Based on the diagram, which processes would provide the energy used to generate electricity at the power plant?

Fission in radioactive fuel

Biomass

Wind

Tidal energy

Nuclear fission

Sunlight

The source that is not renewable

Nuclear fission

Biomass

Wind

Tidal energy

Nuclear fission

Sunlight

The source that is converted directly into electrical energy by photovoltaic cells

Sunlight

Which of the following is an unintended consequence of the use of hydroelectric dams for electricity generation?

There will be more erosion than sediment deposition downstream from the hydroelectric dam.

Which of the following describes an environmental problem that can result from the combustion of fossil fuels to generate electricity?

Carbon dioxide is a product of the combustion fossil fuels, and it can lead to global climate change when released into the atmosphere.

Which of the following best describes an environmental problem associated with hydrologic fracturing, or fracking?

Fracking fluids can escape from the drill hole and contaminate surface water and groundwater.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of cogeneration?

Using the steam given off from a coal-fired electrical generation plant to heat nearby buildings

A family of four lives in a three-bedroom house and uses an average of 900kWh900kWh of electricity per month. The family cools their house for three months during the summer with two window-unit air conditioners that each use 350kWh350kWh of electricity per month. Which of the following is the percentage of the family's total annual electricity that is used to run the two air conditioners for the three summer months?

19.4%

According to the data plotted in the graph above, which of the following is true about the increase in world fossil fuel consumption between 1965 and 1980 ?

The increase in oil consumption outpaced the increases in coal and natural gas consumption.

Extraction of natural gas by the process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is most likely to result in which of the following environmental problems?

Groundwater contamination

Which of the following best describes a disadvantage of geothermal energy production?

Geothermal energy implementation in homes and businesses has a high upfront cost, and electricity is needed to operate pumps.

An individual has been driving a passenger vehicle to work, averaging 6060 miles a week in a car that averages 2222 miles per gallon. The individual plans to purchase a hybrid vehicle that averages 5050 miles per gallon. If the individual drives to work 5050 weeks a year, how much gas will they save if they switch to a hybrid vehicle for their commute?

76 gallons

Which of the following is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use?

Requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars

Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is the pumping of highly pressurized water with a mixture of sand and chemicals into boreholes to

create cracks within the rock in order to provide pathways for the release of gas and oil

Which statement best describes the approximate global distribution of coal supplies?

The United States, the former Soviet Union, and China together contain 50% of proven reserves.