pharmacology Nervous system quizes/kahoot

Cholinergic drugs are most often indicated in which situation?

Lowering intraocular pressure in clients with glaucoma

Which side effect from an anticholinergic agent such as atropine is unexpected?

Diarrhea

The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client prescribed an anticholinergic drug. Which teaching topic is most appropriate for the nurse to include?

Increase dietary intake of high-fiber foods.

The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a muscarinic antagonist. When teaching a client about the medication, what is important to include?

Muscarinic antagonists are referred to as anticholinergics."

What will the nurse most likely assess in the client with Parkinson's disease who is prescribed a muscarinic antagonist (anticholinergic drug)?

Reduced tremors and rigidity

Phenylephrine is to be used for a client to reverse hypotension caused by spinal anesthesia. For which symptoms should the nurse assess the client as contraindications to this drug?

Severe hypertension

A client receives epinephrine for anaphylactic shock. The nurse should be aware of which mechanism by which epinephrine acts?

Directly, by stimulating adrenergic receptors

One of the reasons epinephrine causes an intense fight-or-flight response throughout the body is because it stimulates which receptors?

All four types of adrenergic receptors

Which medication should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for a client with asthma and hypertension?

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

A client diagnosed with insomnia, triggered by anxiety, is prescribed paroxetine (Paxil). When the client asks the nurse why an antidepressant has been prescribed, which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

"There is a link between insomnia and anxiety. Many antidepressants that are effective for treating anxiety are also given to treat insomnia."

The client tells the nurse, "I thought I was just depressed, but my doctor says I have bipolar disorder. What is that?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

"Bipolar disorder means you have cycles of depression as well as hyperactivity, or mania."

A client recovering from surgery is prescribed zolpidem (Ambien) for sleep. The client is scheduled for physical therapy at 8 p.m. What should the nurse do when providing the client with this medication?

Administer the medication immediately prior to expected sleep.

A client whose spouse recently died is having difficulty falling asleep and does not want to take any prescription medications to induce sleep. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

"Avoid caffeinated beverages, nicotine, and alcohol immediately prior to bedtime.

Mood disorders are closely associated with which part of the brain?

Limbic

Which medication, when administered with lithium, increases the risk of toxicity?

Furosemide

The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a client being treated with medication and psychotherapy for schizophrenia. What should the nurse address with the client prior to discharge?

The client drinks 1 to 3 beers before bedtime per day.

A client prescribed haloperidol (Haldol) is not demonstrating an improvement of psychotic behavior after taking the medication for 5 days. The nurse would anticipate which dose change for the medication?

No changes are necessary, as it might take 2 to 4 weeks for significant improvement to be noted

The nurse is monitoring the patient for which of the common adverse effects associated with bethanechol (Urecholine)

Sweating

Anticholinergic drugs such as benztropine (Cogentin), are most often contraindicated in glaucoma because these drugs can: 

Increase intraocular pressure

A patient who uses over-the-counter phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) nasal spray ask the nurse how the medication works. The nurse's response would be: 

It helps to shrink the swelling in your nose by tightening the blood vessels there

The patient is started on propranolol (Inderal). Which is the most important action to be included in the plan of care for this patient related to this medication: 

Monitor pulse and blood pressure

A patient who is taking a adrenergic antagonist for hypertension reports being dizzy when first getting out of bed. The nurse should teach the patient to:

Rise slowly form the recumbent to the upright position

A client is prescribed haloperidol decanoate (Haldol LA) IM to be administered once a month for treatment of schizophrenia. The nurse will instruct the client to notify the healthcare provider for which manifestation?

Involuntary, unusual tongue and face movements, such as lip smacking or rapid eye blinking

A patient experiencing an extrapyramidal adverse effect is not able to relax. This is known as:

Akathisia

The client is receiving zolpidem (Ambien) for treatment of short-term insomnia. What is the primary safety concern of the nurse when the client takes this medication?

Sleepwalking

The nurse is concerned that a client is experiencing symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Which assessment findings would indicate the client might have idiopathic or primary Parkinson's disease?

Tremors and bradykinesia

The nurse is explaining to a client the imbalance of neurotransmitters in Parkinson's disease. How will the nurse describe the relationship between acetylcholine and dopamine in the area of the brain that affects balance, posture, and involuntary muscle movement?

Dopamine inhibits and acetylcholine stimulates this region.

A client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse why dopamine is not given as a neurotransmitter replacement. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

"Exogenous dopamine cannot cross the blood—brain barrier and would be of little use."

The client who is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizure control would like to have a baby. Which statements should the nurse include in a discussion with this client?

"Your current antiepileptic medication should not be used when you are pregnant."

Folic acid supplementation is important for you."

A parent says to the nurse, "The doctor prescribed ethosuximide (Zarontin) for my child, who has absence seizures. What does this mean?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

This one "Your child's seizures manifest as a staring into space for a few seconds. Ethosuximide (Zarontin) is a good medication for this type of seizure."

The client is prescribed diazepam (Valium) for seizure control. The client asks the nurse how this little pill can stop seizures. What response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

"This medication increases a chemical called GABA that calms down the excitability in your brain that causes your seizures."

A client is seen for muscle spasms in the upper thigh. The nurse anticipates instructing the client on the use of which medication?

Both nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants

A client scheduled for surgery has a family history of malignant hyperthermia. The circulating nurse will be responsible for seeing that which medication is immediately available for administration?

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)

The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) for lower back pain following a work injury. The client has been quite drowsy, and dozes off and on throughout the day while taking the cyclobenzaprine. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate for this client?

Continuing the medication as ordered

The mother of a school-age client tells the school nurse, "My son is so hyperactive. I can't see any harm in putting him on medication, especially since the stimulants have so few side effects." Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

"A side effect of stimulants is anorexia or loss of appetite. "

An adult client who is seen by the primary care provider for complaints of inability to focus and concentrate on college studies is prescribed atomoxetine (Strattera). Which client comment indicates that the nurse should provide additional information about the drug?

"I'll continue to take melatonin at bedtime, as I have difficulty falling asleep at night."

Clients and healthcare providers often have beliefs about pain that can interfere with successful pain management. What is a common myth related to pain?

Vital signs are reliable indicators of pain.

What is one of the benefits of the use of nonpharmacologic interventions in pain management?

Nonpharmacologic interventions allow for lower doses and fewer drug-related adverse effects of pain medications.

Which tool should the nurse use to assess the client's pain level?

Use a pain rating scale such as the numeric rating scale.

The client asks the nurse why he is receiving combination therapy of opioid and nonopioid drugs to manage his pain. The nurse should explain which benefit of combination therapy?

Using combination therapy helps to relieve pain synergistically and decreases the risk of side effects.

When administering opioid drugs, the nurse should have an opioid antagonist readily available in case the client experiences which effects?

Hypoventilation

For which client would the nurse anticipate the use of a local anesthetic?

A client with a scalp laceration

The client is in stage 3 of general anesthesia, known as surgical anesthesia. The nurse anticipates which findings in this client's assessment?

Relaxation, stable respiration, and slow eye movements are present.

The surgical nurse is preparing a novice nurse for the first day in the operating suite. Which comment by the surgical nurse best explains what can be expected when the client is given succinylcholine (Anectine)?

"The client will need assistance with breathing, because succinylcholine paralyzes the muscles of respiration."

The nurse is caring for a client who is one day postsurgery for an abdominal hysterectomy. The client is requesting morphine sulfate intravenous (IV), which is prescribed. The client rates her pain as 8 out of 10, with 10 being the most intense. The nurse says to another nurse on the unit, "She really doesn't look like she is in pain. Maybe she is an addict." Which is the best response by the other nurse?

"I would give the morphine; pain is subjective, and we don't know her history."

A nurse is interviewing a client and asks about tobacco use. The client denies tobacco use. The nurse asks about alcohol consumption. The client wonders why the nurse is asking about tobacco and alcohol use. Which is the nurse's best reply to the client?

"This information assists the healthcare team to adjust medications based on usage of these products."

A parent says to the nurse "The doctor prescribed ethosuximide (Zarontin) for my child, who has absence seizures. What does this mean?" What is the best response by the nurse?

"Your daughter's seizures manifest as a staring into space for a few seconds. Ethosuximide (Zarontin) is a good medication for this type of seizure."

Muscle stiffness, pill-rolling activity, and bradykinesia are symptoms most likely associated with which disorder?

Parkinson’s disease

The client receives levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet). What will the best teaching of the nurse include as relates to this medication?

Take the medication on an empty stomach.

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?Which of the following is a common adverse effect of cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)?

 

Drowsiness