Unit 2 & 3 Ocular Anatomy

A

Frontal Bone

B

Superior Orbital fissure

C

Sphenoid bone

D

Inferior Orbital Fissure

E

Zygomatic bone

F

Maxilla

G

Optic Foramen

H

Ethmoid bone

I

Lacrimal bone

J

Palatine bone

Function of optic nerve

main nerve for providing vision

Function of oculomotor nerve

Keeps upper eyelid raised, helps pupil constrict & helps moves eyes

Function of Trochlear Nerve

Innervates superior oblique muscle

Function of Abducens

Innervates lateral rectus muscle

Arteries

Takes blood away from heart

Veins

blood towards heart

Pupil size controlled by

Iris

Uveal tract

Iris, Ciliary body & Choroid

Between which weeks of gestation does the majority of ocular development occur?

First 8 weeks

What are the three primitive embryonic layers from which the eye is derived?

Ectoderm, Mesoderm & Endoderm

Infant Cornea

It's usually thinner and more flexible than an adult's cornea. It allows more light to enter the eye, which is helpful for vision development. It's also clearer, which helps infants see their world more brightly.

Infant Iris

Often lighter in color at birth and may darken over time. It controls how much light enters the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil. Not as responsive to light changes at first, but this improves as the infant grows.

Coloboma

Coloboma is a congenital condition where normal tissue in or around the eye is missing at birth.

Openings in the bony orbit

Superior Orbital Fissure, Inferior Orbital Fissure & Optic Foramen

Blood Supply

Internal Coronoid Artery to the Ophthalmic Artery to the Central Retinal Artery

Central Retinal Artery

Supplies blood to the optic nerve

Blood flow out of eyeball

Vortex Vein to Ophthalmic Vein to Cavernous Sinus

Aqueous Humor Production

Ciliary Body to Posterior Chamber to Pupil to Anterior Chamber

Aqueous Humor Drainage

Trabecular Meshwork to Schlemn Canal to Veins of Eyeball

Schelmn Canal Function

drain aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye

A

Epithelium

Bowman’s Layer

C

Stroma

D

descement’s layer

E

Endothelium

Tear Flow

Superior Punctum to Superior Caniculus to Lacrimal Sac to Valve of Rosenmuller to Nasocrimal Duct to Valve of Hasner

Optic Disc

Nasal to Macula

Macula

Temporal to Optic Disc

Week 3 formation of

Neural Groove

Week 5 Formation

optic cup

Week 6 formation

Lens

Week 7 Formation

Retina

Week 8 Formation

EOM

Deuteranopia

Missing Green Cone

Protanopia

Missing Red Cone

Tritanopia

Missing Blue Cone

Anomaly

Defective