Anthropology - Kinship, Substitience

Family: Define

group of people united by partnership/parenthood

Family of orientation

The family you are born into

family of procreation

the family you create long-term or through marriage (kids, partner, etc)

Kinship

cultural system definining who is related to who; mutual expectations, rights, responsibilities and social roles

Fictive kin

those you consider kin despite lack of biological/marital ties

bilateral descent

descent system emphasizingt fathers lineage where inheritance/identity passes through father

matrilineal descent

escent system emphasizingt mothers lineage where inheritance/identity passes through mother

bilateral descent

escent system where kinship is traced through equal lineages

Neolocal residence

post-marital residence pattern where couple establishes in independent house seperate from both families

Patrilocal residence

post-marital residence pattern where couple lives with or near husbands fathers family

matrilocal residence

post-marital residence pattern where couple lives with or near wifes family

exogamy

marriage rule requiring individuals to marry outside social group/lineage/kin group

endogamy

marriage rule requiring to marry within specific social group, caste, or kin group

incest taboo

cultural rule prohibiting sexual relations or marriages between close family members

arranged vs. love marriage

one where family members select partners vs one based on person choice and attraction

polygamy

marriage system with 2+ spouses

polygyny

form of polygymy where man has multiple wives

polyandry

form of polygamy where woman has many husbands

kinship boundaries

cultural ideas that determine where/when kinship ends, begins and who is considered related

nuclear family

norm; husband, wife and kids

What is the Euro-american norm of descent system?

Bilateral

Why does kinship matter?

Because we must know who to marry, how to inherit, our role, etc.

Historically, who was typically endogamous and why?

Royals; to preserve the bloodline and not taint it

Biases and stigma surrounding polyandry and polygny

People feel as though women are being forced, but there is no issues with polgyny; reflecting a broader issue in our societty.

What do descent systems correspond with?

The economy, means of production, consumption and exchange

____ beleifs tie into ____ systems

reproductive; descent. we take ideas of who belongs to who, our understanding of family and kinship