Seince march exam

Hypothesis

If X, then Y, because scientific explanation or pattern.

X (Independent Variable)

Manipulated; scientists alter this variable to see what happens.

Y (Dependent Variable)

Responding; variable that changes because the Independent Variable is changed.

Controlled Variables

All other variables that should be kept constant to ensure the Independent Variable is the only factor responsible for changes in the dependent variable.

Positive Control

Treatment expected or known to have a positive outcome.

Hadeon Eon

No life; Inorganic molecules like CH4, CO2, NH3, H2, and H2O are present.

Archaeon Eon

Life; Amino acids are formed, and all the elements available in an amino acid were available during the "No life" period.

Amino Acids

The building blocks of proteins; their presence indicates the ability to make proteins.

Ozone

The formation of the ozone layer (O3) that filters out UV rays, which are dangerous for living organisms.

HOFNBrICl

The 7 Diatomic elements.

Life is organized

Atom → biomolecule → cell → tissue → organ → organism.

Responds to Stimuli

Organisms respond to external stimuli, moving toward or away from it to maintain homeostasis.

Materials and Energy

All living things require external supplies of materials and energy to maintain life's necessities.

Reproduce and Develop

Life comes only from life; organisms grow and reproduce.

Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment.

Species Evolve

Living organisms are constantly changing and evolving over time.

Matter

Anything that has both mass and volume.

Compound

Must be made of atoms from at least two different elements

Molecule

Can be made of atoms from the same element or different elements

Ionic Compounds

Made up of a cation (typically a metal) and an anion (a nonmetal).

Covalent Compounds

Made up of two or more nonmetals bonded together in a covalent bond.

Electromagnetic Radiation

A type of radiation that forms when an electric field couples with a magnetic field.

Amplitude

The maximum distance moved by a wave from its resting position.

Wavelength

The distance between the peaks of the waves.

Wave Crest

The tip of the wave.

Wave Trough

The bottom tip of the wave.