clinical boxes pt 2/4

Tendonitis

Inflammation of a tendon or synovial sheath, pain, swelling, tenderness, stiffness, often caused by overuse or repetitive motion

Muscular Paralysis and Neurotoxins

Loss of voluntary muscle movement due to disrupted nerve signaling, caused by toxins that block neurotransmitter release or reception, leading to flaccid or rigid paralysis

Rigor mortis

Postmortem muscle stiffness caused by depletion of ATP, inability of muscle fibers to relax, begins a few hours after death and resolves as decomposition progresses

Anabolic Steroids and Other Performance-Enhancing Compounds

Increased muscle mass and strength, hormonal imbalance, liver damage, cardiovascular disease, mood changes, and reproductive system dysfunction

Strabismus

Misalignment of the eyes, impaired binocular vision, possible double vision, reduced depth perception, and risk of amblyopia

Congenital Muscular Torticollis

Shortened sternocleidomastoid muscle, head tilted to one side with chin rotated opposite, limited neck motion, facial asymmetry if untreated

Episiotomy

Surgical incision of the perineum during childbirth, pain, swelling, risk of infection, bleeding, and tissue healing complications

Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)

Inflammation or degeneration of forearm extensor tendons, lateral elbow pain, weakened grip strength, pain with wrist extension

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Compression of the median nerve at the wrist, numbness and tingling in thumb and first fingers, hand weakness, pain worsened by repetitive motion

Shin Splints and Compartment Syndrome

Shin splints cause pain along the tibia from repetitive stress, compartment syndrome causes increased pressure in muscle compartments leading to severe pain, swelling, and reduced blood flow

Plantar Fasciitis

Inflammation of the plantar fascia, heel pain especially with first steps after rest, tenderness along the sole of the foot

Gluteal Intramuscular Injections

Injection into the gluteal muscles, risk of sciatic nerve injury if improperly placed, used for deep delivery of medications