Unit 2 AP Government & Politics

constitution

an unwritten accumulation of traditions and precedents that have established

CCC

cause, course, consequence

what war doubled national debt

French & Indian War

second treaties of civil government

belief in natural rights. comment of the government. limited government

federalist

supporters of the Constitution

anti-federalists

people who opposed the Constitution

which group was affected by the postwar depression

farmers

human nature

strong government (Hobbes), limited government (Locke)

cause of political conflict

unequal distribution of property, factions rising up

purpose of government

preservation of property

nature of government

balanced government

presentation of the states

New Jersey Plan v. Virginia Plan and Connecticut Compromise

slavery

importation of slave banned and 3/5ths Compromise

equality in voting

rules determined by the states

economic issues

congress being the chief economic policymaker

individual rights issues

writ of habeus corpus, ex facto laws, bills of attainder, prohibits religious qualification, conviction of treason & trial by jury

amendments

unanimous

supremacy

opposite of articles. Madison became the principal architect of the government final structure

Madison proposed

place as much government as possible beyond the direct control of the majority. separate the powers of different institutions. construct a system of checks and balance

Marbury v. Madison

it claimed for itself the power of judicial review. implied but never explicitly in the Constitution. in 1896, the Supreme Court decided on the Constitution allowed racial discrimination. 58 years later, the court overruled itself

federalist paper 10

addresses the question of how to reconcile citizens with interests contrary to the rights of others or inimical to the interests of the community as a whole

federalist paper 51

to inform the reader of the safeguards created by the convention to maintain the separate branches of government and to protect the rights of the people and of the country

federalist paper 70

argues for a strong, unitary executive, it has often been used as a justification for expanding executive and presidential power, especially during times of national emergency

federalist paper 78

if any law passed by Congress conflicts with the Constitution, "the Constitution ought to be preferred to the statute, the intention of the people to the intention of their agents"