WHAP UNIT 8.8-9 (Causation of) End of the Cold War

Non-Aligned Movement

Worsening tensions + nuclear tensions = Non-Aligned believes they must pick sides

Western Europe

Deter Communism thru Socialist Elements: public health + housing + unemployment insurance + pension-plans

Detente

• Relaxation of USSR & US tensions

  • US Benefits: B/c Vietnam War = costly & unpopular, US-CHN relations = new markets & strained CHN-USSR relations (containment)

    • Grains: Excess sold to USSR

  • USSR Benefits: Relieved b/c economy = no foreign trade + liberation movements + CHN border fights

• Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT): Freeze # of intercontinental ballistic missiles each power could keep

• Soviet-Afghan War: Ended Detente when USSR invasion to support communist party loses to guerilla groups

  • Refugees: PKS & IRN homeless

Strategic Defense Initiative

US President Reagan proposes to destroy any USSR nuclear missiles targeted to allies in space (“Star Wars”)

Mikhail Gorbachev

Last & most progressive president of communist party

• Perestroika: More free market

• Glasnost: Open up society, political process, freedom

• USSR Disintegrates: Satellites reject economic/political support for democracy + Berlin Wall falls = GRM unites + Warsaw Pact ends

  • Russia: Gorbachev coup + strongest East Euro state

  • Peacetime Endeavors: was bad for unemployment in MIC but economy gradually improved

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty

Restricted intermediate-range missiles

Angola

Communism: gov. oil conglomerate = 70% of revenue = rebuild

China

Gradual free market reforms → global economic powerhouse