unit 2 - british colonies and pre-revolution

southern colonies

georgia, carolinas, north carolina, south carolina

chesapeake colonies

virginia, maryland

mid-atlantic colonies

pennsylvania, new york, delaware, new jersey

new england colonies

massachusetts, new hampshire, rhode island, conneticut

corporate colonies

colonies granted royal charters from the throne of england

royal colonies

a colony administered by the Crown within the English and later British Empire

proprietary colonies

a colony or land grants given by the King to one or a few men (proprietors)

queen elizabeth 1

“virgin queen”, died in 1603 with no children

richard haklyut

argued to queen elizabeth 1 for western planting

joint stock company

companies of wealthy english who combined their wealth to start colonies

john smith

early leader of jamestown colony

john rolfe

husband of pocahontas, first to successfully cultivate a tobacco crop in virginia

headrights

a land grant program designed to attract settlers, tracts of land called were offered to settlers who would come and work the land

puritans

english protestants who believed that the reforms of the church of england did not go far enough

separatists/pilgrims

a group of puritans who wanted to completely separate themselves from the church of england

predestination

the doctrine that all events have been willed by God, usually with reference to the eventual fate of the individual soul

calvinism

the theological system of calvin and his followers marked by strong emphasis on the sovereignty of god, the depravity of humankind, and the doctrine of predestination

arminianism

a theological movement that arose as a liberal reaction to the calvinist doctrine of predestination, asserted that god's sovereignty and human free will are compatible.

plymouth

first permanent English colony in New England from 1620 to 1691 and the second permanent English colony in America

william bradford

governor of the Plymouth colony for 30 years

john winthrop

led the first large wave of colonists from England in 1630 and served as governor for 12 of the colony's first 20 years

mayflower compact

signed on the english ship mayflower prior to its landing at plymouth, massachusetts, first framework of government written and enacted in the territory of USA

massachusetts bay colony

one of the original English settlements in present-day Massachusetts, settled in 1630 by a group of about 1,000 pilgrims

anne hutchinson

influential puritan spiritual leader in colonial new england who challenged the religious doctrines of the time

quakers

group of protestants, generally united by a belief in each human's ability to experience the light of god within

william penn

english writer, religious thinker, and influential quaker who founded the province of pennsylvania during the british colonial era