INTERNSHIP - Hospital Pharmacy

Fibrinolytic MOA

Dissolves clots by breaking down fibrin via plasmin activation

Fibrinolytic PROPERTIES

Rapid clot breakdown, used in emergencies

Fibrinolytic DRUG EXAMPLES

Alteplase, Reteplase

Thrombolytic MOA

Dissolves clots by converting plasminogen to plasmin

Thrombolytic PROPERTIES

Rapid clot breakdown, dissolves existing clots

Thrombolytic DRUG EXAMPLES

Streptokinase, Urokinase

Antiplatelet MOA

Inhibits platelet aggregation to prevent clot formation

Antiplatelet PROPERTIES

Prevents arterial thrombosis ONLY, long term use

Antiplatelet DRUG EXAMPLES

Aspirin, Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Anticoagulant MOA

Inhibits clotting factors to prevent clot formation

Anticoagulant PROPERTIES

Prevents BOTH venous and arterial thrombosis

Anticoagulant DRUG EXAMPLES

Warfarin, Heparin, Dabigatran

Fibrinolytic drugs

It is used in acute conditions like stroke and myocardial infarction.

Plasminogen

A precursor protein to plasmin.

Plasmin

An enzyme that degrades fibrin.

Fibrin

A structural component of blood clots.

Thrombolytic drugs

These drugs actively dissolve thrombi (clots). Often used in acute ischemic stroke or pulmonary embolism.

Antiplatelet drugs

These drugs inhibit platelet activation and aggregation to prevent clot formation. Mainly in preventing arterial clots.

Aspirin

Drug example that inhibits COX1 to reduce Thromboxane A2 (promoter of platelet aggregation)

Clopidogrel

Drug example that blocks P2Y12 receptors (receptor that promotes platelet aggregation)

Anticoagulant drugs

These drugs interfere with the coagulation cascade, which stabilizes clots.

Warfarin

Drug example that inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors (2,7,9,10).

Heparin

Drug example that enhances antithrombin III, which inactivates thrombin and factor 10a.

Dabigatran

It is a direct oral anticoagulant.

Dabigatran

Drug example that directly inhibits thrombin. Used for deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and stroke in atrial fibrillation.