ADM 1370 Uottawa

Information System

a set of hardware, software, data, people, and procedures that work together to produce information

Information Technology (IT)

the computers and other electronic devices used to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data

Management Information Systems (MIS)

A business function, like accounting and human resources, which moves information about people, products, and processes across the company to facilitate decision-making and problem-solving

Analytics

Tools and Techniques for data driven decision making

Computer Science

Why does the tech work?

Information Technology (IT)

How does the tech work?

Management Information Systems (MIS)

Which Tech would work best?

Technical Approach

This socio-technical view focuses on the mathematical based models, such as, computer science, management science, etc.

Behavioural Approach

this socio-technical view focuses on the behavioural issues, such as, Psychology, economics, sociology

Input, Processing, Output

The three core activities of information systems

> The ability to tap into collective intelligence
> Relies on user-generated and user-controlled content
> Lightweight programming tech let anyone become a website developer
> Can be easily adapted to meet changing needs

Characteristics of Web2.0

user-generated content

Various forms of media content that are publicly available and created by end-user

Web2.0

refers to applications on the web that allow users to interact to user generated content, design, and callobration; includes the function of social media websites

> Needs to be published either on a public website or a social networking site accessible to a select group
> Needs to show a certain amount of creative effort
> Needs to be created outside of professional practices

3 Basic Requirements for User-Generated Content

Functional Information System

System for processing payroll

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

Walmart self checkout

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Oracle, Sap system

Social Media

a group of internet based application that builds on the ideological and technological foundations of Web2.0, and allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content

> allows businesses to engage with customers, prospects, partners and networks
> create opportunity by communicating and sharing information
> manage reputation

Social media implications for business

Structured Data

information with a high degree of organization, such that inclusion in a relational database is seamless and readily searchable by simple, straightforward search engine algorithms or other search operations

unstructured data

nonnumeric information that is typically formatted in a way that is meant for human eyes and not easily understood by computers

Traditional Approach

The data analysis approach in which business users determine what questions to ask and then the information technology structures the data to answer the question

Big Data Approach

the data analysis approach in which information technology delivers a platform to enable creative discovery then business users explore which questions can be asked.

volume, variety, velocity, veracity

The four V's of Data analysis challenges:

Social Networking Analysis (SNA)

measuring of relationships and flow between people, groups, organizations, computers, or other information or knowledge processing entities.

Network

a group of two or more people and/or computer systems linked together

social commerce

social interactions and user contributions allow customers to participate actively in the marketing and selling of products and services in online market places and communities

End-users, Use cases, Functionality

Three factors that cause social media to fluctuate

Objective, Tactics, Metrics

Components of Social media Strategies

Metrics

Measurements that evaluate results to determine whether a project is meeting its goals

Tactics

Customers, Sharing, Who, and Brand alignment are components of which components of social media strategy

Classic Objective

Increase sales, decrease expenses, improve ROI

Social Objective

Engagement, influence, advocacy, personalization

Plan, Do, Check, Act

What is the framework for strategy?

Activity Metrics

which type of metrics involves page views, unique number of visitors, and time spent on site.

Return on Investment (ROI)

Which type of metrics involve sales and marketing

Tactical Metrics

this is an example of which type of metrics:
"increase traffic to our website by 10%"

Strategic metrics

This metric involves consumers responses

Web1.0

Which Web is the users not involved

Web2.0

Social networking sites, Video sharing sites and wikis are examples of what?

Enterprise2.0

Web2.0 technologies used for a business purpose

Wikis

A website that allows the easy creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages, using a simplified markup language

Rich Site Summary (RSS)

a feed for websites such as news and blogs to notify a user when there

Aggregators

software programs that go out and grab the latest updates of web material according to your specifications

Mashup

a website or web application that uses content from more than one source to create a completely new product or service

Mashups

Padmapper.com
Portwiture.com
Trendsmap.com
are examples of what

Application Programming Interface (API)

A block of code in the operating system that software applications need ignorer to interact with each other.

Folksonomy

common feature of most social media and web2.0 platforms. it creates a common and shared vocabulary of related terms of key words with each unique type of content.

Spreadsheet

A grid of rows and columns in which you enter text, numbers, and the results of calculations.

Alternatives to Excel

ProofHub, Google Sheets

Worksheet

A computerized spreadsheet, that may contain data include, text, numbers, formulas, charts, etc.

Workbook

a collection of related worksheets

Select All Button

top left of the worksheet, inward facing triangle

status bar

Displays information about the selected command or operations in progress

Cell

an intersecting column (letter) and intersecting row (number) such as A5 or $A$5

Range

a set of cells described by the top left most cell of desired cells to the bottom right most cell of desired cell. (A1:B5 or $A$1:$B$5)

Relative References

used when you want to referenced cell to change along with the formula being copied from one place to another in a worksheet (A5 or A5:B6)

Absolute References

used when you want the referenced cells to remain the same when the formula is being copied from one place to another in a worksheet ($A$5 or $A$5:$B$6)

Mixed References

• $A5 where the column will not change when copied, but the row will change.
• A$5 where the column will change when copied, but the row will not change.

Auto Fill

An Excel feature that automatically fill cells with data, formatting, or both. By dragging the "fill handle" over adjacent cells

Formulas

Must start with an equals sign, used to perform operations and arrive at a calculated result.

Functions

predefined worksheet formulas that enable you to perform complex calculations easily

Sorting

arranging data it in a certain order such as alphabetic or numeric

Filtering Data

the process of displaying only records that meet specific conditions

Flash Fill

A new feature in Excel that is similar to AutoFill.
When Excel recognizes a pattern based on other information in
your workbook, it uses the pattern to enter data into several cells
at once.

Filtering Unique Values

a data delivery function which is used to filter and deliver unique values from a list

Data Delivery Functions

These functions can be used to verify data, search for data, transform data or deliver data from one point to another, however they do not perform calculations.

Data Validation

A set of rules that determine what users can enter in a specific cell or range. Often used to create dropdown menus

lookup functions

used to retrieve values from a table based on lookup values

Lookup Tables

Tables containing data that computer programs can develop and use to simplify and shorten data entry

Subtotals

used to summarize a list of data after the list of data has been sorted by the field which you wish to use

Grouping

Organizing data so it can be viewed as a collapsible and expandable outline.

Heuristics

Methods used to speed up the process of finding a good enough solution, where an exhaustive search or advanced problem-solving techniques are impractical.

Logical test

Any expression that can be evaluated and returns as logical values. (true or false.)

Logical Function

AND, OR, NOT functions are examples of this kind of function:

AND Function

this logical function allows you to test the condition of more than one criterion and only returns true if all tested conditions are true

OR Function

a logical function that returns a TRUE value if any of the logical conditions are true, and a FALSE value if none of the logical conditions are true

NOT Functions

used when you want to make sure a value is not equal to one particular value

Conditional Functions

Results of this functions may be a specified value or a calculated value (including IF, Count IF, SUM IF, Average IF)

IF functions

evaluates whether a condition or a logical test is true or false and returns one value if the condition is true and another value if the condition is false

Nested IF Function

when one IF function is placed inside another IF function to test an additional condition

COUNT IF FUNCTION

Returns the number of cells in a range that meet a condition set forth in a formula

SUM IF FUNCTION

used to calculate the total for a set of values that match a specific criterion

AVERAGE IF FUNCTION

used to calculate the average for a set of values that match a specific criterion

Mental, Visual, Physical, Mathematical

Types of Models

Models

Simplified versions of what they are representing

A Computer Model

A set of mathematical relationships and logical assumptions implemented in a computer as a representation of some real-world object or phenomenon (ex. Spreadsheets)

Modelling Approach to Problem solving

Decisions, Outcomes, structure, and data are components of :

90%

the percentage of all spreadsheets that have errors that affect their results

Annuity

a series of cash payments made over a continuous period

Business Intelligence (BI)

a broad category of applications, technologies, and processes for gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing data to help business users make better decisions

Business Intelligence Components

Reporting, Analytics, Dashboards

Dashboards

Reporting mechanisms that aggregate and display metrics and key performance indicators. helpful in decision making

Types of Dashboards

strategic, analytical, operational

Strategic Dashboard

Provides an overview of an organization. Easy to access and read computer program that integrates a variety of performance measures into one display, usually with graphs or charts.

Analytical Dashboards

support sophisticated data analysis by facilitating rich comparisons and fine-grained performance evaluations

Operational Dashboards

uses simple display media to quickly identify and understand events and to ensure timely responses

Strategic

which dashboards are most common through the use of excel

Types of Visualization and Display Media for Dashboards

highlighted text, summarized text, Icons, Graphs, charts,
and sparklines

Charts

Graphic representation that present information in easily interpreted formats