civics final flashcards

All voters in a community meet to make laws in a

Direct Democracy

Some purposes of government is

Provision of services

Preserving culture

Provide for national security

Montesquieu praised the British political system because it divided the power of government between the monarch and 2 houses of Parliament. Which principle included in the US Constitution shows that the framers agreed with Montesquieu?

Separation of Powers

The term representative democracy is synonymous with

republic

What is a feature that make a nation a democracy

Citizen participation on the government

A direct democracy functions best

in a small community

From England's pov the purpose of colonies was to

Contribute to the wealth and power of England

The Mayflower Compact is a important to the concept of a democratic society because it represents

A clear step toward self government and consent of the governed

The move towards independence was greatly helped by Thomas Paine who

Brilliantly made the arguments for independence in Common Sense

The Virginia House of Burgess' was important to the development of democracy in the 13 colonies because it

Provided an example of a representative form of government

The colonists slogan No taxation without representation expresses a belief in

the consent of the governed

In writing the Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson was influenced most by John Locke’s idea of

natural rights

The primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to

State the reasons for the American Revolution

The declaration of independence did not

provide a government for the US

A major weakness of government under the AOC was that

the national government couldn’t enforce the laws

In a federal system

Both the central and state governments must be in agreement for them to directly act on the people

According to the DOI governments are established to

protect the natural rights of citizens

One similarity between the AOC and the Constitution is that both documents provide for

a national legislature to make laws

During the Constitutional Convention of 1787 the plans for congress proposed the delegates from New Jersey and Virginia differed mainly over the issue of

equal state representation

The ⅗’s Compromise settled the political issue of…

counting slaves

What state sent no delegates to the Constitutional Convention

Rhode Island

The main purpose of the federalist papers was to…

Help increase support for the Constitution

The Great Compromise settled the issue of

Representation

Approval of the Constitution by each state was called

Ratification

The major reason anti federalists opposed ratification of the Constitution was because they believed

Individual rights were not being adequately protected

To address the concerns of many anti federalists during the debate over ratification of the constitution, the federalists agreed that

A bill of Rights would be added

What type of power is regulating trade from state to state

Delegated

What branch can declare a law unconstitutiona

judicial

Article 7 states that how many states must ratify the constitution before it became a law

9

How can a law still become a law after the president vetoes it 

2/3 vote by Senate

What type of power is declaring and making peace

legislative/delegated

According to Article 4 every state must this type of government

republic/ republican

What amendment provides that powers are reserved for the states if not delegated to the federal government

10

What branch has the power to veto a law and check the legislature

Executive

What type of power is creating banks

Concurrent

What was added to the constitution to address the concerns of the anti-federalists

Bill of Rights

What branch is required to carry out and enforce the laws 

Executive

According to what article is the constitution the supreme law of the land

6

What article gives the supreme court the power to decide whether laws are constitutional

3

Why was the amendment process incorporated in the constitution

to allow the government to make changes in the future

What type of power is making laws about voting and conducting elections

Reserved

What article gives both houses of congress the power to make laws

1

What type of power is collecting taxes and borrowing money

Concurrent

What model of federalism involves both the federal and state government sharing in the responsibilities and costs of policy

Cooperative federalism

what is the introduction of the constitution and sets the purpose of our government 

The preamble

Who can introduce an amendment with a ⅔ vote

Congress

Reserved is

power of the states 

Delegated is

power of the national government

Concurrent is

shared power among states and national government

The division of power between a national government and state governments is called…

federalism

NY state law requires a sales tax on many goods and the US’s government taxes gasoline. These illustrate the principles of..

concurrent power

A system of checks and balances was included in the US Constitution because the authors were concerned about…

one branch becoming to strong

“It is the opinion of this committee that a national government ought to be established consisting of a Supreme Legislature, Judiciary, and Executive…,” In adopting this resolution the framers of the constitution showed their belief in the idea of

Separation of powers

Whats a power delegated to the federal government in the Constitution

controlling interstate commerce

Congress impeaches a federal judge. The Supreme Court declares a law unconstitutional. These are examples of..

checks and balances

All powers that the Constitution does not give to the federal government

remains within the state governments

Delegated powers are powers that the

constitution specifically gives to the federal government

The power of the President to veto bills is a check on the

legislative branch

The power to declare war is a

delegated power

 Each state has the power to..

conduct elections

The Constitution contains…

27 amendments

What are some goals of the Constitution found in the Preamble

Establish justice, secure the blessings of liberty, and promote the general welfare

 A sentence that refers to the Elastic clause in the Constitution

“Congress shall have power… to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers…”

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1. What's the first step in proposing an amendment to the Constitution

Congress formally addresses the amendment by 2/3 majority

 A amendment to the Constitution must be approved by

3/4 of the states

What would happen if a proposed amendment were not ratified by the required number of states

the amendment wouldnt be added to the constitution

Article 1 of the Constitution gives both houses of congress power to

negotiate treaties

Article 3 gives _____ powers to the Supreme Court to decide whether laws are constitutional

delegated

Article 4 states that every state will have a ____ government

republican

 Judicial review became part of the US system for the first time in the 1803 Supreme Court case

Marbury v Madison

The ____ amendment states that all powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states

10th

The model of ______ federalism assumes that the states and national government are more or less equal, with each level of government having separate and distinct functions and responsibilities

dual

The model of ______ federalism involves all levels of government sharing in the responsibilities and costs

cooperative

The model of _____ federalism involves returning to the states certain powers that have been exercised by the national government since the 1930’s

New

The due process clause in the 5th amendment and the right to an attorney in the 6th amendment were designed too…

ensure fair treatment for those accused of crimes

The most likely reason as to why the 9th amendment was added to the Constitution was…

To prevent Congress from granting additional rights to individuals

The ____ amendment states that no soldier in time of peace shall be quartered in a private citizens home without the homeowners consent

3rd

The term double jeopardy means

trying someone twice for the same crime

In Engel V. Vitale the court ruled that

The government shouldn't be writing prayers nor should religious exercise be practiced in schools

In Mapp V. Ohio the court ruled that

Evidence illegally obtained may not be used in court against the accused

In Miranda V. Arizona the court ruled that

Confessions obtained by police are not valid unless the person has been informed of his right: established more complete articulation of rights of the accused

The 8th amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment is controversial because 

Not everyone agrees on which punishments are cruel and unusual such as the death penalty

What is the best definition of substantive due process

the laws themselves are fair and constitutional

What is the best definition of procedural due process

Legal proceedings are carried out fairly according to established  rules and principles

The constitutional basis for the separation of church and the state is  the

Establishment clause of the 1st amendment

The 1st amendment of the Constitution deals primarily with

Rights with self expression

Freedom of speech allows you to

criticize the government

Which government body determines if an interpretation of an amendments unconstitutional 

Supreme Court

According to this, officials are required to bring a detainee in front of a judge to explain charges against that person

Writ of Habeus Corpus

This Supreme Court case set the criteria schools should use to determine if they can limit the freedom of speech of students

Tinker V Des Moines

This is when a jury can’t come to a unanimous decision

Hung jury

What is a example of a unlawful search and seizure

when police search your home without a warrant

During the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) the 15th Amendment was adopted to grant African American men

voting rights

This type of jury decides if there is enough evidence to hand down an indictment in a capital case

grand jury

According to the ______ Amendment, the President if the U.S is a limited to serving no more than 2 terms in office

22

Powers that are not specifically granted to the national government are to be retained by the states and people as stated in the ___ Amendment

10th

The _____ Amendment states that a person accused of a crime has the right to have a legal counsel (an attorney) for his/her defense

6th

Involuntary servitude- slavery- was abolished when this amendment was passed in 1865

13th

This amendment repealed a previously ratified amendment and resulted in the end of the Prohibition Era in America

21st

The right to vote cant be denied because of a person's gender when the ____ Amendment was passed

19th