Hematology Review Flashcards

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and classifications in hematology for exam preparation.

What is the normal total blood volume for males and females?

Males: 5-7L; Females: 4-6L, approximately 7-8% of body weight.

What comprises the formed elements of blood?

Red Blood Cells (RBCs), White Blood Cells (WBCs), and Platelets.

How is hypovolemia defined?

Decreased blood volume caused by acute blood loss, plasma loss, or body water loss.

What is hypervolemia?

Increased blood volume caused by blood transfusion or intravenous infusion.

What is the preferred anticoagulant for hematology tests?

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).

What is the order of draw for blood collection tubes?

1. Sterile Blood Culture Tube 2. Citrate tube 3. No anticoagulant tube 4. Heparin tube 5. EDTA tube 6. Fluoride tube.

What causes the shrinkage of cells in blood samples?

OEDTA can cause shrinkage of cells that may affect hematocrit results.

What condition characterizes the presence of Howell-Jolly bodies?

Indicates disturbances in erythropoiesis, such as megaloblastic anemia or severe hemolytic processes.

Which laboratory method is used to measure sedimentation rate?

The Westergren method is commonly used for measuring erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).

What does thrombocytopenia refer to?

A condition characterized by a low platelet count, typically below 150,000 per microliter.

What are the clinical features of hemophilia A?

Severe bleeding tendencies due to Factor VIII deficiency, presenting with easy bruising and excessive bleeding from cuts.

Define the role of Antithrombin III in hemostasis.

Antithrombin III is a major inhibitor of thrombin and other coagulation factors, preventing abnormal clot formation.

What is the function of thrombin in coagulation?

Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin, leading to clot formation.

What are the main symptoms of anemia?

Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, pallor, and shortness of breath.

What classification group does chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) fall under?

CLL is classified as a chronic lymphoproliferative disorder.

Describe the morphology seen in iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells are typically observed in IDA.

What pathophysiological mechanism leads to secondary fibrinolysis?

Secondary fibrinolysis occurs due to excessive activation of the fibrinolytic system, often seen in DIC.