chapter 1 test review questions- US1HH

test- 10/2

what was the main motivation for Europeans to explore?

the search for trade- initial goal was to find a more efficient routes to Asian markets

why were the Europeans looking for a different land route to Asia?

the price of trading was too high, the routes were complex, and the countries were competing for colonization.

which country led the way on the European race to India?

portugal, under the sponsorship of Prince Henry

what was Portugal’s strategy for the race to India?

they wanted to establish a monopoly on the spice trade by controlling the Indian ocean’s key maritime routes and strategic ports

how did Portugal’s strategy for the race to India interfere with the Americas?

the strategy interfered with the Treaty of Tordesillas'; separated the newly discovered lands of the world outside of Europe into 2 zones of influence

what factors led England to delay colonization in North America?

the Protestant Reformation, Puritans, Catholics, Anglicans, English succession and union and conflicts with Spain

how did the factors that led to the delay of colonization in North America shape the growth of the colonies?

led to colonial decentralization, self-government, and separated the colonies based on different POVs

describe French colonization

an establishment of overseas empire by France, primarily in the 16th century, characterized the first French colonial empire and the second French empire

which areas of the NOW USA were under French control?

Louisiana, Maine, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Florida

compare French and English colonization

French- allied, focused on their fur trade, centralized their gov, and focused on Catholicism

English- displaced their people. looking for a permanent agriculture, had a local representative, and they profited off of economics and religious freedom

what was the first successful English colony in the New World?

Jamestown, VA

what challenges did Jamestown face?

starvation, diseases, and conflicts with the Powhatans

what was the key to Jamestown, VA success?

John Rolfes discovery of tobacco and the labor indentured servants provided

what were proprietary colonies?

grants of land from monarch to supporters- control depends on the proprietary. ex: Maryland, Pennsylvania, and the Carolina’s

what were company colonies?

combined ventures between investors in the hope of obtaining a return on their investment of funds in the colony. ex: the Plymouth Colony, Rhode Island, and Connecticut

what were royal colonies?

ran by a royal governor and had more direct control. ex: Virginia, Georgia, and New York

what were motivations for English colonization?

religious conflict resolution, competition with Spain and France, the invention of Joint-Stock companies and economic depression

what were the early interactions between the Native Americans and English settlers?

involved trade and alliancesho

how did the relationship between the Native Americans and the colonists change?

the colonists continued to expand their territories. Native groups used European alliances to gain power over rivals

why did the Puritans want to leave England?

they felt that the COE didn’t go far enough and instead the COE needed to be purified. they didn’t believe the church could be saved and believed it was necessary to break away, they wanted religious freedom

where did the Puritans end up after they separated from England?

other parts of Europe and not the Americas

what two colonies did the Puritans establish?

Plymouth Colony and the Massachusetts Bay Colony

what was the Puritans vision for North America?

religious freedomhow

what did religious freedom mean to the Puritans?

practicing their religion while rejecting others, they punished dissent often

what did religious freedom mean to Pennsylvania and Rhode Island?

allowing greater religious tolerance; made them more diverse and open

why did the southern colonies turn to slavery as labor?

as an answer to its labor problem, also the conditions in the South were suitable for the cultivation of crops, they also had a larger scale of land than the Northern colonieswhat

method did the southern colonies use before slavery?

indentured servitude

what do Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania have in common?

all focused on religious freedom, greater tolerance, self-government, open to other groups coming in and encouraged political participation

why were the later colonies focused on what they were focused on?

the founders learned from the harsh rule and religion problems in colonies like MA, they wanted to change that