FA-330 Final

cella (naos)

anta

columns in antis

ophistodomos

peristyle (external colonnade on all four sides)

pronaos

stylobate (level on which columns stand)

abacus echinus annulets

architrave

capital

cornice

entablature

frieze

geison

guttae

metope

mutule

raking geison

raking sima

stylobate stereobate

taenia regula

triglyph

fresco

medium/binder: wet plaster

solvent/vehicle: water

support: walls and ceilings

egg tempera

medium/binder: egg yolk

solvent/vehicle: water

support: wood, masonite board, canvas, etc.

oil

medium/binder: linseed oil

solvent/vehicle: turpentine

support: anything but paper

watercolor

medium/binder: gum arabic

solvent/vehicle: water

support: paper

encaustic

medium/binder: hot wax

solvent/vehicle: heat

support: anything but paper

gouache

medium/binder: non-translucent white

solvent/vehicle: water

support: anything

acrylic

medium/binder: synthetic resins

solvent/vehicle: water

support: anything

medium/binder

the substance in a process that causes pigment particles to adhere to one another and the support

solvent/vehicle

the substance that enables the artist to thin the paint so as to control its flow and clean brushes

support

the surface on which a two-dimensional work of art is painted upon

cartoon

a preparatory drawing made for projects such as fresco, stained glass, or tapestries usually on paper and drawn to scale with the larger work

pigment

the coloring material of a medium, made from various organic or chemical substances; when mixed with a binder such as hot wax, oil, gum arabic, or other substances, it creates a drawing or painting process

c.

the depiction of the greeks on the ionic frieze of the parthenon was exceptional because:

a. they were shown as allies of the spartans

b. they appear to be wearing the costumes of deities

c. no human event had been depicted on the temple before

d. they were defeated in battle

insula

90% of the population in rome lived in tenement housing called:

b.

the ionic frieze on the parthenon is a representation of:

a. the erechtheum

b. the pantheanic procession

c. athena’s birth

d. the amazonian woman

agora

a civic public square, gathering places

trompe l’oeil

meaning to fool the eye, romans would incorporate this into paintings (painting a plaster wall to look like granite instead)

doric

column style with a plain capital, fluted shaft; most simple, masculine of orders

ionic

more slender and ornate than doric, scroll-shaped ornaments on top of the capital with a fluted shaft; feminine

corinthian

most ornamental, classically designed with plant details on the capital; curve along lines called entasis

amphora

two-handled vase with a long neck, used for storage and transport

stamnos

two-handled vase like an amphora but wider, squat, with a short neck

krater

two low handles, no actual neck but a large, widening mouth and opening

psykter

no handles, undulating shape with a neck and base to stand on

kantharos

drinking cup with two handles that point upward, on a base/stand

kylix

squat, wide drinking cup with short handles that point outward

oinochoe

typical vase

hydria

three-handled vase

loutrophoros

extremely long, tall and skinny vase with two long handles pointing up, connected

lebes gamikos

short vase on a very tall stand with two short handles

lekythos

tall vase with a short neck, one handle

pyxis

short, round box

aryballos

rotund

alabastron

tall, no handles

fresco style painting

roman paintings on wood, ivory, other materials; used to adorn interiors of private homes and paint walls

first/incrustation style

simulating marble of various types and colors on painted plaster, simulated masonry

second/architectural style

imitated architectural forms by pictorial means, used shading to offer perspective and dimension, more complex

third/ornate style

single monochrome background, with elaborate architectural details and ornaments

fourth/intricate style

large-scale narrative paintings and panoramic vistas

buon fresco

pigment mixed with water on layer of thin, fresh plaster

fresco-secco

fresco painting done on dry plaster

mezzo-fresco

done on nearly-dry plaster

intonaco

italian word for fresco

mimesis

imitation of nature, main principle for greek art established during the golden age of athens

contrapposto

pose that was more relaxed than those of early greek sculptures; hips tilted, one leg extended, casual stance, etc.

polyclitus (polykleitos)

established the canon (kanon); head is an eighth of the body, width of shoulders a fourth, etc.

doryphoros (spear thrower) sculpture is a demonstration of his ideal proportions

phidias

helped to rebuild the acropolis, possible sculptor of the riace warrior

acropolis

dedicated to athena, rebuilt after destroyed by persian invasion

consists of four structures: the propylaia, parthenon, temple of athena nike, and erechtheion

baths of caracalla

christians later forbade visits to this location because of the excess and moral depravity it indicated

domus

townhouse with a peristyle courtyard, typically inhabited by the wealthier classes in rome

oculus

sole light source, the “eye” of the pantheon in rome

forum romanum (imperial forums)

chief public square of rome, center of religious, ceremonial, public and commercial life; symbolized emperor’s power over people

trajan’s column

trajan was one of five good emperors, this work suggests his power and male virility

arches

done in rome to symbolize triumph, military might and political power

ara pacis augustae

augustus’ first acts, addressed deterioration of morals and family life in rome, criminalized adultery and punished those who did not marry or have children

augustus of primaporta

idealized and propagandistic, displays military garb and cupid riding a dolphin to signify augustus’ descent from the family of gods

verism

principle meaning a high level of realism, truth; revealing subjects’ every wrinkle and wart, imperfections

polis

early city-states that the greeks settled into

symposium

dinner party portrayed in vases, only men and prostitutes attended

meander

the typical greek key pattern on pottery

centaur

purely greek invention, forelegs and hind legs belong to different species

kore and korai

early greek sculptures of men and women

platform, shaft, entablature

parts of a column from bottom to top