6. Fertilisers and Eutrophication

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5 Terms

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How are nutrients removed from the soil?

The extraction of crops from the soil.

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Artificial fertilisers

  • inorganic

  • They contain pure chemicals as powders or pellets.

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Natural fertilisers

They include manure, composed vegetables, crop residues.

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leaching

when more fertiliser is applied than the plants can absorb at the time and so they can leach into waterways.

  • When water soluble compounds in the soil are washed away by rain into nearby ponds and rivers.

  • This can lead into eutrophication

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eutrophication

  1. Mineral ions leached from fertilised fields stimulate the rapid growth of algae in the ponds and rivers.

  2. Large amounts of algae block light from reaching the plants below

  3. Eventually the plants die as they stop photosynthesising

  4. Bacteria feed on the dead plant matter, using up the remaining oxygen in the water due to aerobic respiration.

  5. Fish and other aquatic organisms die because there isn’t enough dissolved oxygen.