3.1 The changing nature and extent of tarde

After the seven years war what percentage of GDP was government debt?

157%

What type of government policy did the British originally have?

A protectionist and mercantilist one

Define Mercantilism

A policy of government intervention in trade which ensures a positive balance of trade which the objective to acquire gold or silver bullion

In what year was the slave trade abolished?

1807

What is the name of the route that slave ships took to reach the Americas?

The Middle Passage

Who generally provided the capital used by slave traders and by doing so indirectly benefited from it?

English bankers

In 1766 how many members of parliament did a magazine claim were either planters or had business interests in plantations

upwards of 40

Which London mayor owned thousands of acres in Jamaica and what type of plantations did he own there which made him one of the wealthiest men in Britain?

William Beckford and he owned sugar plantations

Which group organised the first abolitionist movement in Britain and in what year did they first petition parliament?

The Quakers and first petitioned parliament in 1783

What first of its kind campaign did the slave abolitionists lead?

A grass-roots campaign

Which member of parliament was convinced to lead a parliamentary campaign for abolition and in what year was it launched?

William Wilberforce in 1789

What happened with a French plantation which caused a problem to the slave abolition movement picking up momentum in Britain?

That in a slave rebellion the French responded with emancipation causing abolition to be a pro-French position

What book became highly influential in the adoption of free trade and who wrote it?

An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith

When were trade restrictions removed in Ireland?

1779

How did the passing of the Corn Laws show that protectionist interests were still present in parliament?

That they were designed to keep grain prices high by excluding foreign grain from British markets

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