Ch15 A-level Physics CIE

Alpha particles

In Rutherford's scattering experiment, which kind of particles were fired at the target?

Thin sheet of gold

In Rutherford's scattering experiment, what was the target made from?

Flash of light

In Rutherford's scattering experiment, when the particles hit the detector they made a....

Most

In Rutherford's scattering experiment, ___________ of the particles went straight through the target

A few

In Rutherford's scattering experiment, ___________ of the particles were scattered by a large angle

Most of the particles went straight through

How does Rutherford's scattering experiment show that the nucleus is very small?

The particles were repelled

How does Rutherford's scattering experiment show that the nucleus is positively charged?

Some particles were sent back in the opposite direction

How does Rutherford's scattering experiment show that the nucleus has a very large mass (compared with subatomic particles)?

Proton or neutron

Which particles are 'nucleons'?

Isotopes

If two nuclei have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, they are different...

Nuclides

If two nuclei have different numbers or protons OR different numbers of neutrons OR both, they are different...

Mass number

What does the larger number mean?

Proton number

What does the smaller number mean?

The same

If you have a particle and its corresponding antiparticle, their masses are...

Opposite

If you have a particle and its corresponding antiparticle, their charges are...

Annihilate

If you have a particle and its corresponding antiparticle, when they meet they will...

Hadron

Which word means a particle made of quarks?

Baryon

Which word means a particle made from 3 quarks?

Meson

Which word means a particle made from a quark and an anti-quark?

Up, down, charm, strange, top, bottom

Name the 6 different quarks

+2/3

What is the relative charge of an up quark?

+2/3

What is the relative charge of a charm quark?

+2/3

What is the relative charge of a top quark?

-1/3

What is the relative charge of a down quark?

-1/3

What is the relative charge of a strange quark?

-1/3

What is the relative charge of a bottom quark?

up, up, down

Which quarks are found inside a proton?

up, down, down

Which quarks are found inside a neutron?

Positron

Name the antimatter equivalent of an electron

Leptons

Electrons are an example of which class of particle?

Leptons

Neutrinos are an example of which class of particle?

Zero

What is the relative charge of neutrinos?

Quarks and leptons

What are the two classes of fundamental particles?

2 protons and 2 neutrons

Which particle(s) make up an alpha particle?

Electron

Which particle(s) make up a beta MINUS particle?

Positron

Which particle(s) make up a beta PLUS particle?

Proton

During beta PLUS decay, which NUCLEON actually decays?

Neutron

During beta PLUS decay, which NUCLEON is created?

Up

During beta PLUS decay, which QUARK actually decays?

Down

During beta PLUS decay, which QUARK is actually created?

Electron neutrino

During beta PLUS decay, which particle (other than a beta particle) is released? (Give the full name)

Atomic mass unit

What is the name of the value we should use for the mass of a proton OR neutron when doing calculations?

Neutron

During beta MINUS decay, which NUCLEON actually decays?

Proton

During beta MINUS decay, which NUCLEON is created?

Down

During beta MINUS decay, which QUARK actually decays?

Up

During beta MINUS decay, which QUARK is actually created?

Anti electron neutrino

During beta MINUS decay, which particle (other than a beta particle) is released? (Give the full name)

Beta

This graph shows the energy of __________ particles, all emitted from the same kind of nucleus

Neutrino

This graph caused scientists to suggest that the __________ must exist

a few

When nuclei of the same kind emit alpha particles, the alpha particles have only have ______________ possible energies

discrete

The possible energies of alpha particles are referred to as ______________