CAM 16 T4 P12

vertical

= perpendicular, upright, erect, straight up ≠ horizontal: vuông góc, thẳng đứng, dựng đứng, thẳng đứng ≠ ngang

shaft

= a passage which goes down through a  building or down into the ground, so that someone or  something can get in or out

ventilate

(v) to allow fresh air to enter and move around a room, building, etc.

 drain

= empty, bleed, remove, tap 

deviate

(from sth) to be different from something; to do something in a different way from what is usual or expected

usable

= practical, serviceable, working, functioning

aqueduct

= channel, conduit, canal, watercourse

underlie

= motivate, cause, inspire, trigger

game changing transformation

một sự chuyển đổi mang tính bước ngoặt

ex: A game-changing transformation in education is underway

acquisition

= gaining, attainment, achievement,  purchase 

necessitate

= require, demand, need, dictate

 decode

= make sense of, work out, interpret,  translate 

internalize

= adopt, affect, assume 

reasoning

(n) the process of thinking about things in a logical way; opinions and ideas that are based on logical thinking

inference

something that you can find out indirectly from what you already know

err

= to make a mistake

diminish

= reduce, lessen, weaken, moderate

medium

= way, avenue, mode, method, means

sequence

= order, arrange, structure 

spot

= see, notice, recognize 

incentivize

= to give someone a reason to do  something, especially by offering them a reward

 entrenched

=to establish something very strongly so that it is very difficult to change

ex: Sexism is deeply entrenched in our society.

reluctant

(a) = unwilling, unenthusiastic, disinclined, hesitant 

reluctance (n)=  unwillingness, disinclination, hesitancy

contradict

= deny, reverse, oppose, challenge

competent

= capable, able, knowledgeable,  experienced

plausible

= reasonable, believable, credible,  probable

ex: And the machine  wouldn’t be able to explain why its treatment was plausible because its machine-learning algorithms were simply too  complex to be fully understood by humans.

foolproof

= safe, guaranteed, infallible, perfect 

polarize

(v) to separate or make people separate into two groups with completely opposite opinions

ex: simply watching a cinematic vision of our technological future  polarised the participants’ attitudes.