Class 11 Biology - Biodiversity: Kingdom Protista Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the Kingdom Protista lecture notes.

Protista

The very first. Usually aquatic, present in the soil or in areas with moisture. Unicellular with eukaryotic cell. Free living or parasitic.

Photosynthetic Protista

Plant-like autotrophic protists that act as producers.

Non-photosynthetic Protista

Animal-like protists that show heterotrophic mode of nutrition and act as consumers.

Slime Mould

Fungi-like protists that act as decomposers/saprophytes.

Phylum: Pyrrophyta

Includes Dianoflagellates.

Phylum: Chrysophyta

Diatoms.

Phylum: Euglenophyta

Euglena and mixotrophs (Absence of cell wall). Body covered with pellicle.

Phylum: Protozoa

Protozoa (Absence of Cell wall)

Phylum: Mixomycophyta

Mixomycophyta

Protozoa

First animal. Microscopic, unicellular or acellular organisms showing protoplasmic grade of organization. Body is covered with plasmalemma or pellicle

Class: Rhizopoda

Class of protozoa where locomotory organelles are pseudopodia.

Class: Flagellata

Class of protozoa where locomotory organelles are flagella.

Class: Ciliata

Class of protozoa where locomotory organelles are cilia.

Class: Sprozoa

Class of protozoa where locomotory organelles are absent.

Paramecium

A microscopic, unicellular, slipper-shaped organism.

Pellicle

Thin, tough and elastic membrane covering Paramecium.

Cilia

Numerous tiny, hair-like projections covering the body surface of Paramecium that help in locomotion and food capturing.

Oral groove/ Peristome

A prominent, oblique and shallow depression on the ventral surface of Paramecium that leads to the buccal cavity.

Cytopyge/ Anal Pore

Small fixed opening present on the ventral surface of Paramecium where undigested food materials are passed outside the body.

Ectoplasm

Outer clear cytoplasm in Paramecium.

Endoplasm

Inner granular cytoplasm in Paramecium.

Trichyocysts

Rod-like or oval organelles present throughout ectoplasm of Paramecium, likely for defense and attachment.

Macronucleus

Large, kidney-shaped nucleus in Paramecium that controls day-to-day metabolic activities.

Micronucleus

Small, spherical nucleus in Paramecium that controls reproductive activities.

Contractile vacuoles

Organelles of osmoregulation and excretion in Paramecium.

Oral apparatus

Structure that leads ventrally and posteriorly as a tubular structure in Paramecium.

Conjugation

Temporary union of two individuals for mutual exchange of genetic materials.

Binary Fission

The process of binary fission commonly used in paramecium reproduction.

Plasmodium

Commonly known as malarial parasite.

Trophozoite

Mature stage of Plasmodium which is pathogenic to human.

Sporozoite

Infective stage of Plasmodium.

Sexual Cycle

Mosquito is a primary host where the _ cycle of plasmodium occurs.

Asexual Cycle

Human is a secondary or intermediate host where the cycle cycle of plasmodium occurs.

Asexual Cycle Stages

Liver schizogony, Erythrocytic schizogony, Post-erythrocytic schizogony, Formation of Gametocytes.

Gametogony/ Gametogony

Process of formation of gametes from gametocytes.

Fertilization

Process of fusion of male gamete and female gamete.

Ookinete

Elongated worm-like motile stage formed after fertilization in Plasmodium.

Encystment

Stage where ookinete penetrates the wall and becomes covered in a cyst wall, known as oocyst.

Sporogony

Process of formation of sporozoites.

Malaria

Caused by Plasmodium.