Chapter 19-22 Terms

-a-, an-

(prefix) no, not

Abnormal involuntary movement scale*

(abbreviation) AIMS

acrophobia

fear/anxiety of heights

Activities of daily living*

(abbreviation) ADLs

aerophobia

fear/anxiety of air

affect

External expression of emotion, or emotional response.

ailurophobia

fear/anxiety of cats

algophobia

fear/anxiety of pain

Alzheimer disease*

(abbreviation) AD

amnesia

Loss of memory.

amphetamines

CNS stimulants that may be used to treat attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and depression

androphobia

fear/anxiety of men

anorexia nervosa

Eating disorder with excessive dieting and refusal to maintain a normal body weight.

anxi/o

(combining form) uneasy, anxious

anxiety disorders

Characterized by unpleasant tension, distress, and avoidance behavior; examples are panic disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder.

Apathy

Absence of emotions; lack of interest or emotional involvement

apiphobia, melissophobia

fear/anxiety of bees

arachnophobia

fear/anxiety of spiders

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder*

(abbreviation) ADHD

atypical antipsychotics

Drugs that treat psychotic symptoms and behavior

autism

Neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inhibited social interaction and communication and by restricted, repetitive behavior

Autism spectrum disorder*

(abbreviation) ASD

auto

(combining form) self

belonephobia

fear/anxiety of needles

Benzodiazepine*

(abbreviation) BZD

benzodiazepines

Drugs that lessen anxiety, tension, agitation, and panic attacks

bi-

(prefix) two

bibliophobia

fear/anxiety of books

bipolar disorder

These disorders are marked by alternating periods of mania and depression

bipolar disorders

These disorders are marked by alternating periods of mania and depression

bulimia nervosa

Eating disorder with binge eating followed by vomiting, purging, and depression

cannabis

Substance from which marijuana is made

cata-

(prefix) down

Central nervous system*

(abbreviation) CNS

Chronological age*

(abbreviation) CA

claustrophobia

fear/anxiety of enclosed places

Cognitive behavioral therapy*

(abbreviation) CBT

coitophobia, cypridophobia

fear/anxiety of sexual intercourse

compulsion

Uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly in an attempt to reduce anxiety.

conversion disorder

Condition marked by neurological symptoms with no organic basis, appearing as a result of anxiety and unconscious inner conflict

cynophobia

fear/anxiety of dogs

defense mechanism

Unconscious technique a person uses to resolve or conceal conflicts and anxiety

delirium

Acute episodes of confused thinking, disorientation, changes in alertness, difficulty paying attention, and fearfulness; usually reversible

Delirium tremens*

(abbreviation) DT

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol*

(abbreviation) THC

delusion

Fixed, false belief that cannot be changed by logical reasoning or evidence

dementia

Progressive loss of intellectual abilities with impairment of memory, judgment, and reasoning as well as changes in personality

depression

Major psychiatric disorder with chronic sadness, loss of energy, hopelessness, worry, and discouragement, and, commonly, suicidal impulses and thoughts

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition*

(abbreviation) DSM-V

dissociative disorders

Conditions involving breakdown in memory, identity, or perception; examples are identity disorder, dissociative amnesia, and depersonalization/derealization disorder

ego

Central coordinating branch of the personality or mind

Electroconvulsive*

(abbreviation) ECT

electroconvulsive therapy

Electric current is used to produce convulsions and loss of consciousness; effective in the treatment of major depression

emetophobia

fear/anxiety of vomiting

entomophobia

fear/anxiety of insects

family therapy

Treatment of an entire family to resolve and shed light on conflicts

first generation antipsychotic drugs

Early neuroleptic medications that reduce psychotic symptoms.

free association

Psychoanalytic technique in which the patient verbalizes, without censorship, the passing contents of his or her mind

fugue

Unconscious flight from customary surroundings; a sign of dissociative disorder

gamophobia

fear/anxiety of marriage

gender dysphoria

Strong and persistent cross-gender identification with the opposite sex that causes clinically significant distress.

Generalized anxiety disorder*

(abbreviation) GAD

-genic

(suffix) produced by

gephyrophobia

fear/anxiety of crossing a bridge

graphophobia

fear/anxiety of writing

group therapy

Group of patients with similar problems gains insight into their personalities through discussion and interaction with each other

gynephobia, gynophobia

fear/anxiety of women

hallucin/o

(combining form) hallucination

hallucination

False sensory perception (hearing voices and seeing things)

helminthophobia

fear/anxiety of worms

hematophobia, hemophobia

fear/anxiety of blood or bleeding

hodophobia

fear/anxiety of traveling

hypn/o

(combining form) sleep

hypnophobia

fear/anxiety of sleep

hypnosis

Induced trance (state of altered consciousness)

hypo-

(prefix) deficient, less than

iatr/o

(combining form) treatment

id

Major unconscious part of the personality; energy from instinctual drives and desires

insight-oriented therapy

Face-to-face discussion of life problems and associated feelings; psychodynamic therapy

Intellectual disability*

(abbreviation) ID

Intelligence quotient*

(abbreviation) IQ

labile

Unstable; undergoing rapid emotional change

-leptic

(suffix) to seize hold of

lithium

Medication used to treat bipolar illness

Lysergic acid diethylamide*

(abbreviation) LSD

Major depressive disorder*

(abbreviation) MDD

-mania

(suffix) obsessive

mania

Elevated expansive state (euphoria) with hyperactivity, talkativeness and racing thoughts; HINT: Don't confuse with the suffix -mania meaning obsession

Mental age*

(abbreviation) MA

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory*

(abbreviation) MMPI

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor*

(abbreviation) MAOI

Mutism

No, or very little ability to speak

necrophobia

fear/anxiety of corpses

neur/o

(combining form) nerve

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Group of childhood disorders characterized by delays in socialization and communication skills.

neuroleptic drug

Any drug that favorably modifies psychotic symptoms

nyctophobia, scotophobia

fear/anxiety of darkness

obsession

Involuntary persistent idea, urge or emotion

Obsessive-compulsive disorder*

(abbreviation) OCD

ophidiophobia

fear/anxiety of snakes