RW assertions and tones

assertions

declarative sentences that claim something is true about something else

a sentence that is either true or false

fact

a statement that can be proven objectively by direct experience, testimonies of witnesses, verified observations, or the results of research

can be doubled checked easily, easily verifiable

convention

is a way in which something is done, similar to traditions and norms

depend on historical precedent, laws, rules, usage and customs

truthfulness is verified by how commonly held definitions and beliefs are interpreted

may sounds factual but they cannot be verified objectively by measurements

opinions

are based on facts, but are difficult to objectively verify because of the uncertainty of producing satisfactory proofs of soundness

result from ambiguities, so the more ambiguous the more difficult it is to verify

preference

based on personal choice

they are subjective and cannot be objectively proven or logically attacked

counterclaims

are claims made to rebut a previous claim

provide a contrasting perspective to the main argument

evidence

defined as the details given by the author support his/her claim which includes facts and statistics and personal anecdotes

pre-writing

the first stage of the writing process

which pertains to different techniques that help you discover ideas before writing

purpose

this is the reason why you are writing

inform

explain

persuade

or to entertain

your purpose in writing may be to:

topic

the subject or the specific issue that your paper will discuss

tone

this refers to the attitudes and and feelings you want your writing to reflect toward your purpose, topic, audience and yourself

can be informal or formal

brainstorming

clustering or mapping

pre-writing strategies

freewriting

uses the force of narration to draw a stream of connected ideas out of the writer’s mind

writing down your thoughts nonstop, in the exact order, language, and form in that you think them

purpose
audience

topic

tone

PATT

clustering or mapping

a technique that stars by writing a word or phrase at the center of the page and encircle it, this becomes your main topic

brainstorming

one of the better and more popular methods of discovering your writing topic

begin at the top op your paper and list down everything that comes into your mind as fast as you can for a certain amount of time

thesis statement

Reveals the attitude of the writer on a topic or subject

Central idea of the essay

Reflects the purpose of writing

working thesis statement

initial statement before edits

an argument containing your stand and that you intend to prove with evidence in the essay

you may have to adjust the thesis statement depending on your research and writing

outline

is a summary that gives the essential features of a text.

reading outline

used to get the main ideas of a text that is already written

writing outline

is a skeletal version of your essay

not yet written

sentence outline

uses sentences to define the subject matter

directly inputted into the essay

scratch outline

is a simple list of ideas that take the form of words and phrases

Leaves the writer with more freedom on what to write