Chemistry 11 – Chemical Reactions and Processes

These flashcards cover vocabulary relevant to chemical reactions and processes for Chemistry 11, focusing on definitions and concepts crucial for understanding the subject.

Chemical Reaction

A process in which one or more substances change into one or more new substances.

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed.

Precipitate

A solid produced as a result of the reaction of two solutions.

Law of Conservation of Mass

During a chemical reaction, the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.

Synthesis Reaction

A reaction where two or more reactants combine to form a single product.

Decomposition Reaction

A reaction where a larger compound breaks down into two or more simpler products.

Combustion Reaction

A rapid reaction between a fuel and oxygen producing heat and light.

Single Displacement Reaction

A reaction where a reactive element displaces another element in a compound.

Double Displacement Reaction

A reaction between two ionic compounds where cations switch places to produce two new compounds.

Neutralization Reaction

A special type of double displacement reaction between an acid and a base producing salt and water.

Oxide

A compound composed of oxygen and one other element.

Acidic Oxides

Oxides formed by the chemical combination of oxygen with nonmetals, which dissolve in water to form acidic solutions.

Basic Oxides

Oxides composed of metals and oxygen, which dissolve in water to form alkaline solutions.

Amphoteric Oxides

Oxides that exhibit both acidic and basic properties.

Neutral Oxides

Oxides that do not react with acids or bases.

Peroxides

Compounds where two oxygen atoms are linked to each other and to other elements, containing the ‘–O–O–’ link.

Greenhouse Gas

Any atmospheric gas that absorbs infrared radiation emitted by Earth, trapping thermal energy and warming the planet.

pH Scale

A numerical scale ranging from 0 to 14 used to compare the acidity or basicity of solutions.

Remediation

The process of treating contaminated land or water to make it safe for use again.

Phytoremediation

The use of plants to treat contaminated land or water, helping remove toxins.