Module 4 - Musculoskeletal System

Craniectomy

surgical removal of a portion of the skull

Costectomy

surgical removal of a rib

Metacarpectomy

surgical removal of a hand bone

Carpectomy

surgical removal of a wrist bone

Tarsectomy

surgical removal of a tarsal (ankle) bone

Osteoclasia

surgical breaking of a bone

Tarsoclasia

surgical breaking of the ankle joint

Osteoplasty

surgical repair of a bone

Osteotomy

surgical cutting of a bone

Sternotomy

surgical incision into the sternum

Spondylosyndesis

surgical fusion of vertebrae

Arthrectomy

surgical removal of a joint

Arthroclasia

surgical breaking of a stiff joint

Arthrolysis

loosening of a stiff joint

Arthrotomy

surgical incision into a joint

Bursectomy

surgical removal of a bursa

Bursotomy

surgical incision into a bursa

Chondrectomy

surgical removal of cartilage

Chondroplasty

surgical repair of cartilage

Myectomy

surgical removal of muscle

Myodesis

surgical binding of a muscle to bone

Myomectomy

surgical removal of a muscle tumor

Myoplasty

surgical repair of a muscle

Myorrhaphy

suture of a muscle

Myotomy

surgical incision into a muscle

Fasciectomy

surgical removal of fascia

Fasciodesis

surgical binding of fascia

Fascioplasty

surgical repair of fascia

Fasciorrhaphy

suture of fascia

Fasciotomy

surgical incision into fascia

Tendectomy

tenonectomy,surgical removal of a tendon

Tendoplasty

tenoplasty,surgical repair of a tendon

Tenodesis

surgical binding of a tendon

Tenolysis

freeing of a tendon

Tenorrhaphy

suture of a tendon

Tenotomy

surgical incision into a tendon

Dactylitis

inflammation of a finger or toe

Hypertrophic spondylitis

inflammation of vertebrae with overgrowth

Osteitis

inflammation of a bone

Osteochondritis

inflammation of bone and cartilage

Osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

Osteocarcinoma

cancerous tumor of bone

Osteochondroma

tumor composed of bone and cartilage

Craniosynostosis

premature closure of skull sutures

Osteomalacia

softening of bone

Osteopathy

bone disease

Spondylosis

degenerative condition of the vertebrae

Spondyloarthropathy

joint disease of the vertebrae

Spondylolisthesis

forward slipping of a vertebra

Spondylolysis

breakdown of a vertebra

Bursitis

inflammation of a bursa

Bursopathy

any disease of a bursa

Achondroplasia

defective cartilage growth leading to dwarfism

Chondroma

benign tumor of cartilage

Chondromalacia

abnormal softening of cartilage

Costochondritis

inflammation of rib cartilage

Septic arthritis

infection of a joint

Arthropathy

disease of a joint

Arthrocele

hernia or swelling of a joint

Arthrodysplasia

abnormal joint development

Arthrosclerosis

hardening of a joint

Myopathy

muscle disease

Myositis

inflammation of muscle

Polymyositis

inflammation of multiple muscles

Myoma

benign muscle tumor

Myosarcoma

malignant muscle tumor

Myoclonus

muscle spasm or twitch

Myasthenia

muscle weakness

Myofasciitis

inflammation of muscle and fascia

Tardive dyskinesia

involuntary muscle movements occurring late in treatment

Fasciitis

inflammation of fascia

Arthrocentesis

surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid

Arthrogram

x-ray record of a joint

Arthroscope

instrument for viewing a joint

Arthrography

procedure of recording a joint

Electromyogram

record of electrical activity of muscle

Myography

procedure for studying muscle

Syndactyly

fusion of fingers or toes

Polydactyly

extra fingers or toes

Spondylitis

inflammation of the vertebrae

Carpitis

inflammation of the wrist

Osteodystrophy

poor development of bone

Osteolysis

breakdown or destruction of bone

Osteonecrosis

death of bone tissue

Osteosclerosis

abnormal hardening of bone

Exostosis

abnormal projection of bone from the surface

Craniomalacia

softening of the skull

Spondylomalacia

softening of the vertebrae

Tarsoptosis

drooping of the ankle

Bursolith

stone in a bursa

Hemarthrosis

blood in a joint

Hydrarthrosis

waterlike fluid in a joint

Pyarthrosis

pus in a joint

Myolysis

breakdown of muscle

Myomalacia

softening of muscle

Myosclerosis

hardening of muscle

Myotonia

delayed relaxation of a muscle after contraction

Myotasis

stretching of a muscle

Myocele

protrusion of muscle through its fascia

Orthopedics

branch of medicine specializing in treating the musculoskeletal system