AP Gov Chapter 9

The Democratic and Republican candidates for president are formally nominated at the __.

national party conventions

A campaign might use __ to solicit campaign contributions from those who have supported candidates with similar views in the past.

direct mail

Prior to being banned in 2002 by the McCain-Feingold Act, unlimited monetary contributions that were earmarked for party-building expenses at the grassroots level or for generic party advertising were known as __.

soft-money

Researchers studying campaigns stress that campaigns can have what three effects on voters?

reinforcement, activation, and conversion

Which of the following is true about states with caucuses?

Voters attend open meetings where they express their presidential preferences.

How did the McGovern-Fraser Commission make the delegate selection process of the Democratic Party more representative and open to input from the public?

by requiring delegate selection procedures to be open to all party members

Which of the following was one of the requirements of the Federal Election Campaign Act?

All candidates for federal office must disclose who contributed money to their campaigns.

Donations to __ do not have to be disclosed unless a donor gives money specifically for a political ad.

501(c) groups

What is the phenomenon that people's beliefs often guide what they pay attention to and how they interpret events?

selective perception

If you were running a campaign for a relatively unknown presidential candidate, you would want to allow plenty of time for your candidate to __.

travel extensively in Iowa before the caucuses

A serious presidential candidate must invest in __.

staff to handle high-tech and computer technologies

Research suggests that political campaigns are most likely to successfully convert voters when they __.

use "wedge" issues on which the other party is divided

An examination of the number of campaign visits by Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama in the 2008 Democratic presidential nomination contests suggests that __.

states with early caucuses and primaries receive a disproportionate amount of attention from candidates during the nomination campaign

__ was an unintended result of changes to the Federal Election Campaign Act that allowed parties to raise and spend money on voter registration and other campaign materials without limits on spending or the size of contributions that they could accept.

soft-money

If no candidate receives an Electoral College majority, the election is decided in the __.

House of Representatives

Because there is barely any time between the end of one campaign and the beginning of the next, some people have called the American electoral process __.

"the permanent campaign"

In which of the following countries is voter turnout lowest?

United States

Which group is more likely to vote?

a college degree holders

Why do presidential candidates tend to focus their efforts on battleground states?

The winner-take-all system makes battleground states more relevant to a campaign.

One impact of the Internet on political campaigns is that __.

more people are making small political donations

How many U.S. states employ a winner-take-all presidential election system in which all their electors are awarded to the presidential candidate who wins the most votes statewide?

48

The Electoral College introduces a bias into the campaign and electoral process because __.

less populated states are overrepresented

Why do winning candidates claim a mandate even though political scientists generally discredit the mandate theory of elections?

Winning candidates want to justify their policy proposals by claiming that the public supports them.

Of the following, who would be most likely to vote?

someone with a high sense of political efficacy

Which of the following groups is overrepresented among voters?

government workers

The Founders created the Electoral College because they wanted the president to be selected by __.

elites

Which states should a presidential campaign focus on in the general election?

battleground states

One of the downsides to the American system of presidential campaigns and elections is that __.

a person who might be an excellent president could be discouraged from running because the process is so onerous

Of the following people, who is most likely to participate in a presidential caucus?

a party activist

Which of the following statements indicates a high level of political efficacy?

"People like me can influence what the government does."

Which of the following is consistent with the mandate theory of elections?

Barack Obama's claim that his victory in 2012 meant that the public wanted to raise taxes on the wealthy

If the president were selected by popular vote instead of by the Electoral College, which of the following cities would a presidential campaign be least likely to visit?

Green Bay, Wisconsin

How would switching to direct election of the president affect non-battleground states like Texas?

Texas would receive more attention from candidates trying to win votes in major population centers like Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio.

How does party identification simplify the voting process?

It provides a cue as to which candidate a voter is more likely to prefer.