PATHOSTUDY 1

acute

disease w sudden onset and short course

autopsy

post martum exam of tissue/person

biopsy

removing living tissue for examination

chronic

disease w slow onset, mild but progressive and long term.

diagnosis

indentifying disease or disorder

morbidity

rate at which disease occurs. % people affected.

mortality

number of deaths in group for a disease

prognosis

prediction or estimate or expected outcome of condition or treatment

prevention

action taken to reduce risk of poor health , injury, illness

aptosis

programmed cell death (no swelling) can be physiological(normal) or pathological(disease related) cells self destruct.

ischemia

dec blood flow to tissue organ. can cause hypoxia.

necrosis

death of 1 or more cells (or tissue/organs) as result of irreversible damage. not programmed. always pathological. involves cell swelling. breakdown of cell membrane.

hypoxia

low O2 in blood/tissues, cells, dec circulation

gangrene

necrotic tissue that has become infected. wet: liquefactive necrosis, tissue swollen . dry: coagulative necrosis black/sunken

hyperplasia

increase # of cells, results in inc mass of organ. only possible in mitotic cells.

hypertrophy

inc in size of cell. could result in inc size of organ. inc functional demand hormone stimulation and growth factors.

metaplasia

replacing 1 cell type w another to better withstand stress. reprogramming stem cels to make dif cells.

atrophy

cell size dec results in dec in size of organ or tissue

filtration

no energy required, movement of water and solutes from hi to lo pressure.

active transport

ions and molecules move low to hi cincentration. requires energy

facilitated diffusion

larger or charged solutes move hi to lo concentration no energy required,

osmosis

water hi to lo water cincentration no energy required (passive)

diffusion

solutes move hi to lo concentration no energy required

hypotonic

water into cell. solution outside has less solute than fluid in cell.

hypertonic

water out of cell. solution outside has more solute than fluid in cell

isotonic

=concentration in and out of cell