VMT 209 - EXAM 4 (COMPLETE)

The final host(s) of Taenia spp are…

carnivores and sometimes humans

Taenia spp have a _____ life cycle

indirect

The intermediate host(s) of Taenia spp are…

rodents, rabbits, and ruminants

The tapeworm that specifically infects dogs is called…

Taenia pisiformis

The final host of Taenia pisiformis is…

dogs

Taenia pisiformis have a _____ life cycle.

indirect

The intermediate host of Taenia pisiformis is…

cotton tail rabbits

Once passed in feces, proglottids of Taenia pisiformis will…

disperse eggs, causing the eggs attach to vegetation

Once the rabbit ingests Taenia pisiformis eggs…

the egg penetrates the intestinal wall and migrate to the liver

Once in the liver of the rabbit, Taenia pisiformis develop into…

cysticercus

The tapeworm that specifically infects cats is called…

Taenia taeniformis

The final host of Taenia taeniformis is…

cats

The larval form of Taenia taeniformis is…

cysticercus

Taenia taeniformis have a ______ life cycle.

indirect

The intermediate host of Taenia taeniformis is…

rodents

The tapeworm that infects dogs, wild canines, and bobcats is called…

Taenia hydatigena

Taenia hydatigena have a ____ life cycle.

indirect

The intermediate host(s) of Taenia hydatigena are…

ruminants, deer, elk

The larval form of Taenia hydatigena is…

cysticercus

The larval form of Taenia hydatigena develop in the…

liver

The tapeworm that infects dogs with sheep as an intermediate host is called…

Taenia multiceps

The final host of Taenia multiceps is…

dogs

Taenia multiceps have a _____ life cycle.

indirect

The intermediate host of Taenia multiceps is…

sheep

The larval form of Taenia multiceps is…

coenuris

The larval form of Taenia multiceps develops in the…

brain

How long time does it take for Taenia multiceps to develop into coenuris in the brains of sheep?

6-8 months

As the coenuris of Taenia multiceps develops in the brain of an infected sheep, it compresses the brain causing…

1. blindness

2. circling

3. paralysis

4. incoordination

5. death

The final host(s) of Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis are…

cats and dogs

Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis have a _____ life cycle.

indirect

The intermediate host(s) of Echinococcus granulosos are…

herbivores and sometimes humans

The intermediate host(s) of Echinococcus multiocularis are…

rodents, herbivores, swine, and humans

Adult Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis live in the…

small intestine

Adult Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis are typically only ___ proglottids long.

5 or less

The larval form of Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis is…

hydatid cysts

The larval form of Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis develop in the…

brain/liver

How are Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis treated?

surgical removal of hydatid cysts

The dwarf tapeworm is called…

Hymenolepsis nana

The final host(s) of Hymenolepsis nana are…

rats, mice, and humans

Adult Hymenolepsis nana live in the…

small intestine

Hymenolepsis nana have a _____ life cycle.

direct

A high worm burden of Hymenolepsis nana may cause…

diarrhea and weight loss

The fish tapeworm is called…

Diphyllobothrium latum

The final host(s) of Diphyllobothrium latum are…

dogs, cats, swine, humans (fish eaters)

Adult Diphyllobothrium latum live in the…

small intestine

Diphyllobothrium latum have a _____ life cycle.

indirect

The two intermediate hosts of Diphyllobothrium latum are…

1. small crustaceans

2. fish

The first step of the Diphyllobothrium latum life cycle is…

a small crustacean ingests ova

Once a small crustacean has ingested the ova of Diphyllobothrium latum…

a fish will ingest the crustacean

Once a fish ingests an infected crustacean…

the ova develops into the larval form

The larval form of Diphyllobothrium latum is…

cysticercoid

The clinical signs of Diphyllobothrium latum are…

asymptomatic, except for in humans

The clinical signs of Diphyllobothrium latum in humans are…

vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is also called…

pornicious anemia

Trematodes (flukes) are…

flat, leaf shaped worms

Trematodes have ___ simple suckers.

1-2

The different types of suckers that trematodes contain are…

1. oral suckers

2. ventral suckers

Oral suckers are used to…

absorb nutrients and excrete waste

Ventral suckers are used for…

attachment

What is the distinguishable feature(s) of trematode eggs?

contains 1 operculum

Trematodes are diagnosed by…

fecal sedimentation

Fecal sedimentation is…

used to detect eggs that are heavier and will float to the bottom of the sample

There are ___ different larval forms of trematodes.

3

What are the 3 larval forms of trematodes?

1. miracidium

2. cercaria

3. metacercaria

The lung fluke is called…

Paragonimus kellicotti

The final host(s) of Paragonimus kellicotti are…

dogs, cats, humans, and other carnivores

The intermediate host(s) of Paragonimus kellicotti are…

snails and crayfish

Paragonimus kellicotti ova are passed…

in the feces and contaminate water sources

Once in the water, Paragonimus kellicotti ova…

develop into mericidium

Once developed into mericidium, Paragonimus kellicotti…

are ingested by snails and develop into cercaria

After Paragonimus kellicotti has been ingested by the snail and developed into cercaria…

snail is ingested by crayfish and develop into metacercaria

The crayfish infected with Paragonimus kellicotti metacercaria will then be…

ingested by the final host or a paratenic host

Once ingested by the final host, Paragonimus kellicotti…

young fluke penetrates the wall of the intestinal tract and enters the peritoneal cavity

After entering the peritoneal cavity Paragonimus kellicotti will migrate to…

the diaphragm and into the lungs

Within the lungs, adult Paragonimus kellicotti live…

in cysts

Each Paragonimus kellicotti cyst within the lungs contains…

one male and one female worm

Paragonimus kellicotti eggs are excreted…

into the bronchi, where they will be coughed and swallowed to reach the small intestine

The clinical sign(s) of Paragonimus kellicotti are…

coughing

Generally, as the worm burden increases, the clinical signs of Paragonimus kellicotti ____ in intensity.

increase

The diagnostic methods of Paragonimus kellicotti are…

1. locating cysts on radiographes

2. location eggs in fecal sedimentation or sputum

Within humans, Paragonimus kellicotti can cause…

1. fever

2. coughing

3. weight loss

Paragonimus kellicotti is often misdiagnosed as _________ in humans.

tuberculosis

The small intestinal fluke is called…

Nanophyetus salmincola

The final host(s) of Nanophyetus salmincola are…

dogs, cats, and raccoons

The intermediate host(s) of Nanophyetus salmincola are…

snails and salmon

Nanophyetus salmincola ova is passed…

in the feces and contaminates a water source

Once passed, Nanophyetus salmincola ova develop…

into miracidium in the water

Once developed into miracidium, Nanophyetus salmincola…

snail ingests and develops into cercaria

Once developed into cercaria within the snail, Nanophyetus salmincola…

exits the snail and floats freely until a salmon ingests it

Once ingested by the salmon, Nanophyetus salmincola…

develop into metacercaria and wait for the salmon to be ingested by the final host

Nanophyetus salmincola is actually…

non-pathogenic to the final host

While Nanophyetus salmincola is non-pathogenic to the final host, it carries a harmful bacteria called…

Neorickettsia helminthoeca

The clinical signs of Neorickettsia helminthoeca are…

1. high fever

2. vomiting

3. diarrhea

Protozoal parasites are…

microscopic, single-celled parasites

Protozoal parasites reproduce…

both sexually and asexually, depending on the parasite

A trophozoite is…

the active feeding stage

A cyst is…

a parasite incapable of movement, allows parasites to survive outside the final host

An oocyst is…

a rigid-walled cyst stage that some protozoa experience

Coccida is the common name for…

Cystoisospora spp

The final host(s) Cystoisospora spp are…

dogs and cats