Plant Hormones and Movements

Vocabulary flashcards for plant hormones and movements

Determinate Growth

Plant growth where the meristem stops producing new cells at a certain developmental stage, resulting in a predictable size.

Indeterminate Growth

Plant growth where meristems produce parts that continue to grow until the plant is killed by an environmental factor, resulting in a variable size.

Differentiation

The process where cells develop different forms adapted to specific functions, such as conduction, support, or secretion.

Development

The coordination of growth and differentiation of a single cell into multicellular tissues and organs.

Housekeeping Genes

Genes programmed to synthesize specific enzymes continually in every living cell.

Nutrients

Provide the elements and energy for plant growth and maintenance, obtained from air and soil.

Vitamins

Play an important role in reactions catalyzed by enzymes and are required in small amounts for normal plant growth and development.

Hormones

Produced in actively growing regions of plants and transported to other parts, having specific effects on growth and development.

Signal Transduction Pathway

A series of biochemical steps resulting in an enzyme production and response to an environmental cue.

Auxins

Plant hormones produced in apical meristems and other actively growing plant parts, involved in phototropism and stem elongation.

Gibberellins

Plant hormones that promote stem elongation of dwarf plants and seed germination.

Cytokinins

Plant hormone involved in cell division.

Abscisic acid

A plant hormone, one of the 'Classic Five'.

Ethylene

A plant hormone, one of the 'Classic Five'.

Apical Dominance

The phenomenon where auxins inhibit lateral bud development, producing a plant with a main stem and limited branching.

Gravitropism

Growth responses to gravity.

Phototropism

Growth toward the light.

Senescence

A plant process affected by ethylene.

Abscission

A plant process affected by ethylene.

Brassinosteroids

A plant growth regulator involved in cell development and expansion.