Socio-Cultural Influences

Aging

can impact an individual's flexibility.

Disability

may influence the execution of certain skills.

Puberty

It affects girls' and boys' bodies disparately and at varying times.

What does BME stands for?

Black and Minority Ethnic

Friends and peers

wield considerable influence and can either contribute positively or negatively to an individual's choices.

Commercialisation

Sport extends beyond mere participation; it has become an integral component of the commercial realm, strategically managed and marketed to generate revenue. 

Elite Sport, The Media and Sponsors

Commercialism in sports revolves around generating profits, involving three primary stakeholders

Golden triangle

 illustrates the connection among sport, the media, and sponsorship, epitomizing the commercial, money-making aspect of sports.

Television

Local and national coverage; freeview options; subscription or pay-per-view services; interactive features; on-demand services; Red Button services; satellite or cable broadcasting.

Radio

Local and national radio channels; both analogue and digital platforms; public and commercial radio stations.

Press

Newspapers, including local and national, as well as daily and weekly publications; magazines encompassing both general and specialized topics; books, ranging from technical works to biographies and novels.

Films

Presentation in cinemas; television broadcasts; availability on DVDs; online streaming.

Internet

Websites offering diverse content; blogs covering a range of topics; video channels; and various social media platforms.

Rules

This collaborative approach to rule adaptation promotes inclusivity in sports while still maintaining standards of fairness and safety.

Etiquette

These unwritten guidelines encourage individuals to engage in the "spirit of the game," emphasizing an active commitment to both respect and fairness rather than merely avoiding rule violations.

Sportsmanship

It involves demonstrating respect and fair play towards opponents, as well as exhibiting graciousness in both victory and defeat.

Gamesmanship

Players, without outright violation, might employ tactics that bend the rules or involve questionable methods to gain an advantage.

Contract to compete

Some argue that this contract is integral to defining sport, and without it, the fair play model of sport would be fundamentally compromised.

Illicit drugs

medicines that are used for non-medical purposes

What are the 3 categories of Illicit drugs?

stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens

Stimulants

speed up the central nervous system and may be used by athletes to reduce fatigue and increase their alertness.

Anabolic steroids

are natural or synthetic substances derived from the hormone testosterone. 

Blood doping

is the use of certain techniques and substances to increase the red blood cells in your body.

Erythropoietin (EPO)

is a peptide hormone that increases the number of red blood cells your body makes and can improve endurance. Health risks include:

Beta blockers

reduce the effects of adrenaline.

Diuretics

promote loss of water from the body through urination (weeding).

Verbal abuse, Physical violence, and Racial discrimination. 

Various manifestations of negative spectator behavior exist