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how many bones of the cranium and facial bones does the maxilla touch?
2 cranial bones and 7 facial bones
how many bones of the cranium and facial bones does the zygomatic touch?
3 cranial bones and 1 facial bone
how many bones of the cranium and facial bones does the nasal and lacrimal touch?
2 cranial and 2 facial
how many paranasal sinuses are there?
4
how do the paranasal sinuses communicate?
nasal cavity
where is the maxillary sinus and what is a good reason to see it?
above the teeth and visible air fluid levels
where is the frontal sinus normally located and how many are there?
inner and outer tables of frontal bone and varies
are frontal sinuses symmetrical?
rarely
how many sinuses are made up to be the ethmoid?
3
where is the ethmoid sinuses?
inside the lateral masses
the ethmoid sinus communicate with what?
sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity
where is the sphenoid cavity?
below sella tunica
is the sphenoid sinus symmetrical?
no
what could be seen on an xray while looking at the sphenoid sinus?
basal skull fracture
Which of the following facial bones is unpaired?
vomer
Lacrimal is derived from a word meaning ____.
tear
What is the name of the process of the mandible in which the lower teeth are embedded?
Alveolar process
The older term “Antrum of Highmore” describes the _____.
Maxillary sinuses
The posterior aspect of the bony orbit is termed the _____.
apex
Which paranasal sinus is the last one to develop?
Frontal
What passes through the optic foramen?
Second cranial nerve
Which of the following bones makes up most of the lateral wall of the orbit?
Zygomatic
what is the centering point for a lateral facial bones?
Zygomatic bones
what line is perpendicular to the IR for a waters?
MML
where is the centering point for the waters?
exit at acanthion
what is the angle between the IR and OML in an erect waters?
37 degrees
where are the petrous ridges in the waters?
below maxillary sinus
what line is perpendicular to the IR for the caldwell?
OML
what is the angle and the CR for the caldwell?
CR 15° caudad, exits at nasion
where is the petrous ridges in the caldwell?
lower 1/3 in orbits
what line is perpendicular to IR in an modified waters?
LML
where is the CR in the modified waters?
exit at acathion
what is the angle between the IR and OML during a modified waters?
55 degrees
where is the petrous ridges in a modified waters?
lower 1/3 of maxillary sinus
what line is perpendicular in the IR for the lateral nasal?
IP
where is the CR for lateral nasal?
½ in inferior to nasion
what line is perpendicular to the board during Superoinferior Tangential: Axial?
GAL
what line is perpendicular to the CR for SMV?
IOML
what is seen on the SMY?
zygomatic arches
what line is parallel to IR for a Oblique Inferosuperior: Tangential?
IOML
what is the rotate and tilt on the head for Oblique Inferosuperior: Tangential?
15 degrees on the affected side?
what is visualized well on a Oblique Inferosuperior: Tangential?
zygomatic arches
what is the angle between the MSP and IR for Parietoorbital Oblique Projection (Rhese Method)?
53 degrees
what line is perpendicular for Parietoorbital Oblique Projection (Rhese Method)
AML
what is seen in the Parietoorbital Oblique Projection (Rhese Method)?
Optic foramen in lower outer quadrant
what angle is best for a Axiolateral Oblique Positioning for the body?
30 degree rotation
what angle is best for a Axiolateral Oblique Positioning for the mentum?
45 degree rotation
what angle is best for a Axiolateral Oblique Positioning for the general survey?
10-15 degree rotation
what is a good angle for the Axiolateral Oblique Positioning just as an overall?
25 degrees
what is the angle for a horizontal trauma?
CR 25° cephalad and 5°-10° posterior
what is the line for a pa mandible?
OML
where is the CR for a PA mandible?
exit at lips
what line is used for the mandible?
OML and IOML
what angle do you use for AP mandible?
CR 35° (OML)-42° (IOML) caudad
where is the CR for a AP mandible?
glabella
what is visualized on a AP Axial Mandible?
Condyloid processes demonstrated and symmetric
what is seen on a panorex?
Entire mandible and all teeth demonstrated
what is seen on AP Axial TMJ?
Condyloid processes and TM fossa demonstrated
what skull angle Modified Law Method?
15 rotation
where is the centering point for Modified Law Method?
1 ½ inches superior to EAM
what is the CR angle for Modified Law Method?
15° caudad
what is the CR angle for Axiolateral TMJ (Schuller Method)?
25°-30° caudad
where is the CR for Axiolateral TMJ (Schuller Method)?
½ anterior and 2 inches superior to EAM
where to center for a lateral sinus?
between outer canthus and EAM