Lecture 20: Medicinal cannabis

What are cannabinoids?

The primary active compounds in cannabis that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system

What is CBD (cannabidiol)?

A cannabinoid that doesn’t produce a high and may have therapeutic benefits such as anti-anxiety and anti-inflammatory effects

What are common side effects of cannabinoids?

Disorientation, dizziness, euphoria, dry mouth, fatigue, and paranoia

What are severe side effects associated with cannabinoid use?

Psychosis and seizures

What are terpenes?

Aromatic compounds in cannabis that give each strain its unique smell and flavour - enhance/modify effects

What is the endocannabinoid system (ECS)?

A natural cell-signalling system that maintains homeostasis in processes like mood, sleep, pain, appetite, and immune function

Where are CB1 and CB2 receptors and what do they influence?

CB1 - in the brain, influence cognitive function

CB2 - in the immune system, influence inflammation and immune response

What pain conditions can medical cannabis help with?

Chronic pain, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, and cancer-related pain

What psychiatric conditions may be treated with medical cannabis?

Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and insomnia

What are the main methods of medical cannabis administration?

Vape cartridges, dried flower, sublingual oils, and pastilles

What are the features of vape cartridge administration?

Vaporized with a vape pen, discreet, lasts 2–4 hours, useful for those with dexterity issues

What are the characteristics of using dried flower cannabis?

Vaporized or smoked, fast onset, strong odour, lasts 2–3 hours, requires preparation

What are sublingual oils and how do they work?

Drops placed under the tongue, slower onset (30–60 minutes), longer duration (8–12 hours), may taste unpleasant

What are pastilles and their benefits?

Discreet, convenient, slow onset, long duration (up to 12 hours)

What are the eligibility requirements for patients to access medical cannabis in the UK?

Must have a chronic condition and have tried at least two conventional treatments